Basal animals

Question 1

what are the basal animal(s) of Kingdom Animalia

Answer 1

1. Porifera (sponges)

Question 2

invertebrates

Answer 2

lack a backbone

Question 3

95% of species known

Answer 3

invertebrates

Question 4

clades in bilateria

Answer 4

1. Lophotrochozoa
2. Ecdysozoa
3. Deuterostomia

Question 5

are Porifera Eumetazoan

Answer 5

NO

Question 6

phylum Porifera

Answer 6

sponges

Question 7

what kind of feeder are sponges

Answer 7

suspension feeders

Question 8

suspension feeders

Answer 8

capture food particles suspended in water passing through their body

Question 9

where is water drawn into in sponges

Answer 9

spongocoel

Question 10

how is water drawn OUT of sponges

Answer 10

osculum

Question 11

how are sponges different from other animals

Answer 11

1. lack true tissues
2. lack true organs

Question 12

two main cells in Porifera

Answer 12

1. amoebocytes
2. choanocytes

Question 13

amoebocytes function in Porifera

Answer 13

digestion and structural roles

Question 14

choanocytes function in Porifera

Answer 14

create a current with their flagella and ingest suspended food

Question 15

where are amoebocytes found

Answer 15

in Mesohyl

Question 16

do we talk about the kinds of symmetry outside of Eumetazoan

Answer 16

NO

Question 17

what clade to all animals EXCEPT sponges belong to

Answer 17

Clade Eumetazoa

Question 18

Eumetazoa means

Answer 18

true tissues

Question 19

what is the oldest group in clade Eumetazoa

Answer 19

Cnidaria

Question 20

are Cnidarians diploblastic or triploblastic

Answer 20

diploblastic

Question 21

what are included in Cnidarians

Answer 21

1. jellies
2. corals
3. hydras

Question 22

what type of symmetry to Cnidarians have

Answer 22

radial

Question 23

what is the body plan of Cnidarians

Answer 23

a sac with a central digestive compartment, the gastrovascular cavity

Question 24

how many holes are associated with the gastrovascular cavity

Answer 24

one hole

Question 25

does the gastrovascular cavity opening act as anus, mouth or both

Answer 25

both

Question 26

two types of Cnidarians body types

Answer 26

mouth up - polyp
mouth down - medusa

Question 27

how many germ layers do Cnidarians have

Answer 27

2

Question 28

what are the specialized mechanisms of Cnidarians

Answer 28

Cnidocytes

Question 29

what is the organelle and what is the cell
1. nematocysts are the ______
2. cnidocytes are the ____

Answer 29

1. organelle
2. cell

Question 30

what do nematocysts do

Answer 30

organelles that eject a stinging thread

Question 31

do all members of Cnidarians have nematocysts and cnidocytes

Answer 31

YES

Question 32

two major clades in Cnidarians

Answer 32

1. Medusozoa
2. Anthozoa

Question 33

Medusozoa of Cnidarians include

Answer 33

1. Scyphozoan (jellies)
2. Cubozoan (box jellies)
3. Hydrozoans

Question 34

what is a dominant stage in Scyphozoan and Cubozoan

Answer 34

medusa

Question 35

Hydrozoans are (polyp or medusa forms)

Answer 35

alternate between polyp and medusa forms

Question 36

what is an example of Hydrozoan and its characteristics

Answer 36

Hydra
- exists only in polyp form
- asexual reproduction by budding

Question 37

true or false
Cubozoans have highly toxic cnidocytes

Answer 37

true

Question 38

Anthozoan includes

Answer 38

corals and sea anemones

Question 39

Anthozoans exist as

Answer 39

only polyps

Question 40

the different methods of exchange with the environment for thick and thin organisms

Answer 40

thin
1, can do exchange with just diffusion

thick
1. have to develop efficient and interconnected systems