B13.3 The best of both worlds Flashcards

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1
Q

How many parents are need in asexual reproduction?

A

Only 1 parents is needed - this is time and energy efficient as there is no need to find a mate or spread gametes this means it is faster than asexual reproduction

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2
Q

When is asexual reproduction disadvantaged?

A

If the environment changes it is a disadvantage - if one organism cannot survive none can due to them being genetically identical clones

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3
Q

How many parents are need for sexual reproduction?

A

2 parents or 2 gametes are needed and it takes time and energy to spread gametes
It is often slower than asexual reproduction

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4
Q

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?

A

Produces variation in the offspring

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5
Q

What is natural selection?

A

The variation can give a survival advantage as some offspring will be able to survive and reproduce

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6
Q

What is the purpose of increasing the amount of asexual reproduction in the agriculture industry?

A

Increase food production

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7
Q

What is the purpose of speeding up natural slection?

A

To increase food production

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8
Q

What is the most common form of reproduction in fungi?

A

It is asexual

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9
Q

What are hyphae?

A

Thin threads that make up the fungi and hold the structures we can see

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10
Q

How are the fungal spores produced?

A

By mitosis and they are genetically idenitcal to the plant

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11
Q

How do fungi reproduce?

A

By using spores which they release into the environment

Spores germinate and undergo mitosis to form a fungi

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12
Q

When do fungi undergo sexual reproduction?

A

When it is dry - 2 hyphae from different fungi join and the nuclei fuse - it undergoes meiosis to make haploid spores - which are different from the original hyphae and then they germinate to form new fungus then by mitosis to produce the fungi

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13
Q

What are the sexual organs in plants?

A

The flower

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14
Q

What are the gametes in plants?

A

The pollen and egg cells - which are produced by meiosis

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15
Q

How does reproduction happen in plants?

A

The pollen from one flower must reach the female parts of another flower in a process called pollination

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16
Q

How is the pollen carried away?

A

Flowers are adapted to attract pollinators such as insects or birds = or make it easy for their pollen to be carried by the wind and caught by another flower

17
Q

What happens when the pollen fuses with the egg cell?

A

Seeds are formed - sexual reproduction introduces variation and enables the plants to survive as conditions change through natural selection

18
Q

What are examples of plants that reproduce asexually?

A

Called runners e.g strawberry plants and spider plants

19
Q

How does reproduction happen in malaria parasites?

A

Malarial parasites reproduce asexually in the human liver and blood cells
Mosquito takes blood meal - the drop in temperature between the human body and the mosquito triggers sexual reproduction in some of the parasites in the red blood cell

There is a 20min window when sexual forms develop burst out of the blood cells and meet to form zygotes with 2 sets of chromosomes

These zygotes undergo meiosis to produce new asexual parasites

20
Q

Where do Malaria parasites reproduce?

A

Sexually in Mosquitoes

And asexually in humans