B13.3 The best of both worlds

Question 1

How many parents are need in asexual reproduction?

Answer 1

Only 1 parents is needed - this is time and energy efficient as there is no need to find a mate or spread gametes this means it is faster than asexual reproduction

Question 2

When is asexual reproduction disadvantaged?

Answer 2

If the environment changes it is a disadvantage - if one organism cannot survive none can due to them being genetically identical clones

Question 3

How many parents are need for sexual reproduction?

Answer 3

2 parents or 2 gametes are needed and it takes time and energy to spread gametes
It is often slower than asexual reproduction

Question 4

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 4

Produces variation in the offspring

Question 5

What is natural selection?

Answer 5

The variation can give a survival advantage as some offspring will be able to survive and reproduce

Question 6

What is the purpose of increasing the amount of asexual reproduction in the agriculture industry?

Answer 6

Increase food production

Question 7

What is the purpose of speeding up natural slection?

Answer 7

To increase food production

Question 8

What is the most common form of reproduction in fungi?

Answer 8

It is asexual

Question 9

What are hyphae?

Answer 9

Thin threads that make up the fungi and hold the structures we can see

Question 10

How are the fungal spores produced?

Answer 10

By mitosis and they are genetically idenitcal to the plant

Question 11

How do fungi reproduce?

Answer 11

By using spores which they release into the environment

Spores germinate and undergo mitosis to form a fungi

Question 12

When do fungi undergo sexual reproduction?

Answer 12

When it is dry - 2 hyphae from different fungi join and the nuclei fuse - it undergoes meiosis to make haploid spores - which are different from the original hyphae and then they germinate to form new fungus then by mitosis to produce the fungi

Question 13

What are the sexual organs in plants?

Answer 13

The flower

Question 14

What are the gametes in plants?

Answer 14

The pollen and egg cells - which are produced by meiosis

Question 15

How does reproduction happen in plants?

Answer 15

The pollen from one flower must reach the female parts of another flower in a process called pollination

Question 16

How is the pollen carried away?

Answer 16

Flowers are adapted to attract pollinators such as insects or birds = or make it easy for their pollen to be carried by the wind and caught by another flower

Question 17

What happens when the pollen fuses with the egg cell?

Answer 17

Seeds are formed - sexual reproduction introduces variation and enables the plants to survive as conditions change through natural selection

Question 18

What are examples of plants that reproduce asexually?

Answer 18

Called runners e.g strawberry plants and spider plants

Question 19

How does reproduction happen in malaria parasites?

Answer 19

Malarial parasites reproduce asexually in the human liver and blood cells
Mosquito takes blood meal - the drop in temperature between the human body and the mosquito triggers sexual reproduction in some of the parasites in the red blood cell

There is a 20min window when sexual forms develop burst out of the blood cells and meet to form zygotes with 2 sets of chromosomes

These zygotes undergo meiosis to produce new asexual parasites

Question 20

Where do Malaria parasites reproduce?

Answer 20

Sexually in Mosquitoes

And asexually in humans