B11.3 Treating diabetes Flashcards
How can you treat Type 1 diabetes?
Inject insulin into your blood before a meal
Allows glucose to be taken into your body cells and converted glycogen in the liver
Why do you need to be careful about the levels of exercise and carbohydrates you do and eat?
You need to maintain a normal meal like everyone else
Exercising too much can lead to a lack of glucose
Your cells need enough glucose to respire more rapidly to produce the energy required for your muscles to work
What are the problems of injecting insulin?
It treats diabetes but does not cure it
How can you cure type 1 diabetes and what are the problems?
Doctors can transplant a pancreas successfully. Operations are risky and difficult
There is not enough donors available and the patient exchanges insulin for immunosuppressants
Using genetic engineering or stem cells such as converting enzymes in mouse pancreas cells into insulin producing cells
What are the problems of using stem cells?
Ethically not acceptable
What is the purpose of immunosuppressant drugs?
Your body will not recognize the foreign organ. Due to the antigens on the cells not being matched. The drug can help prevent your immune system from rejecting the donor organ
How can type 2 diabetes be treated?
Eat a balanced diet with a controlled amount of carbohydrates
Losing weight
Doing regular exercise
How can drugs help tackle Type 2 diabetes?
Help insulin work better on the body cells
Help your pancreas make more insulin
Reduce the amount of glucose you absorb from your gut
What are the difference between Type 1 and Type 1 diabetes?
Type 1 is more commonly found in children and younger people whilst Type 2 is usually found in older or more obese people
Type 1 is caused by the pancreas not producing enough insulin - Type 2 is caused by body cells not responding to insulin
Type 1 can be managed but not cured - whilst Type 2 could be cured
