Apes 2.5 - 2.7

Question 1

Frequencies of natural disasters

Answer 1

Periodic (reg frequency), Episodic (irreg frequency), and Random

Question 2

Resistance

Answer 2

Ability to remain unchanged when being subjected to disturbance

Question 3

Resilience

Answer 3

Ability & rate of an ecosystem to recover from a disturbance and return to its pre-disturbed state

Question 4

Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis

Answer 4

Species diversity is highest at intermediate level of disturbance

Question 5

Metapopulations

Answer 5

Spatially distinct populations that are connected by occasional movements of individuals among them

Question 6

Marine Mammal Protection Act

Answer 6

A 1972 US act to protect declining populations of marine mammals

Question 7

Endangered species

Answer 7

A species that is in danger of extinction within the foreseeable future

Question 8

Threatened species

Answer 8

Any species that is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future

Question 9

Convention on Biological Diversity

Answer 9

An international treaty to help protect biodiversity

Question 10

Edge habitat

Answer 10

Habitat occurs where two different communities come together, typically forming an abrupt transition, such as where a grassy field meets a forest

Question 11

Biosphere reserve

Answer 11

Protected area consisting of zones that vary in the amount of permissible human impact

Question 12

Air Bubbles in Ancient Ice

Answer 12

Allows us to determine changes in greenhouse gas concentrations and temperatures over long periods by examining ancient ice

Question 13

Positive feedback

Answer 13

The concentration of CO2 increases cause global temperature to increase too

Question 14

Negative feedback

Answer 14

Increased plant growth decreases atmospheric CO2 levels

Question 15

Three factors for descent with modification

Answer 15

Genes mutate, individuals survive & reproduce, populations evolve

Question 16

Process/effects that have an impact on evolution

Answer 16

Earthquakes - isolate populations, and speciation.

Movement of continents - dispersal & speciation.

Asteroid - widespread extinction

Question 16

Indicator species

Answer 16

Give early warning signs of damage or danger to a community

Question 17

Keystone species

Answer 17

Have a larger impact on the community, if removed, than other species

Question 17

Primary succession

Answer 17

Bare rock, right when new land is formed. Moss & lichens grow directly on rock

Question 17

Point source

Answer 17

A distinct location from which pollution is directly produced

Question 18

Secondary succession

Answer 18

Already established soil, but plant life removed due to disturbance.

Question 19

Nonpoint source

Answer 19

A diffuse area that produces pollution

Question 20

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

Answer 20

The amount of oxygen a quantity of water uses over a period of time at a specific temp. High BOD levels indicate water is polluted by wastewater

Question 21

Eutrophication

Answer 21

A phenomenon in which a body of water becomes rich in nutrients

Question 22

Cultural eutrophication

Answer 22

An increase in fertility in a body of water, the result of anthropogenic inputs of nutrients. More nutrients can lead to algal blooms, which deplete oxygen levels in water

Question 23

Septic system

Answer 23

A relatively small and simple sewage treatment system, made up of a septic tank and a leach field, is often used for homes in rural areas

Question 24

Septic tank

Answer 24

A large container that receives wastewaster from a house as part of a septic system

Question 25

Sludge

Answer 25

Solid waste material from wastewater

Question 26

Septage

Answer 26

A layer of fairly clear water found in the middle of a septic tank

Question 26

Leach field

Answer 26

A component of a septic system, made up of underground pipes laid out below the surface of the ground

Question 27

Manure lagoon

Answer 27

Human-made pone lined with rubber built to handle large quantities of manure produced by livestock

Question 28

Sewage treatment plant

Answer 28

Great volumes of wastewater are handled by separating the sludge from the water and then using bacteria to break down both components