Antidiabetics Flashcards
Uses of insulin?
DM
DKA
HyperK
All insulin preparations contain what mineral?
Zinc
Determine duration of action
Common AE of insulin?
Hypoglycemia
Lipodystrophy at injection site
First gen sulfonylurea for T2DM?
Chlorpropamide
Close K channels, depolarization, release insulin
Chlorpropamide AE?
Disulfiram
Clara took PMT in PM
Chlorprop. Cefoperazone. Tetan. Metronidazole
Second gen sulfonylurea for T2DM that cause less hypoglycemia?
Glipizide
Second gen sulfonylurea for T2DM that cause cholestatic jaundice?
Glibenclamide
GLIVERencamide
Insulin secretagogue for those with sulfa allergies? For postprandial hypergly
Repaglinide
“REPel allergies after eating seafood!”
Meglitinide with the least incidence of hypogly that can be used in patients with CKD?
Nateglinide
Nate archibald, least hypogly :)
Biguanide that inhibit hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis? DOC for obese patients
Metformin
Metformin also used in?
PCOS
Side effect of metformin due to dec glucose absorption in the GIT?
Vit B12 malabsorption
Thiazolidinedione that reduces mortality and macrovascular events in DM such as MI and stroke?
Pioglitazone
Pinapayongan yung heart - protects
Thiazolidinedione MOA?
Enhance muscle and adipose tissue reuptake of glucose by activating PPAR gamma
Thiazolidinedione that cause cardiovascular disease?
Rosiglitazone
Rosy has a heart problem
Thiazolidinedione withdrawn from the market due to hepatotoxicity?
Troglitazone
Trolls are removed!
Alpha glucosidase inhibitor MOA?
Prevent conversion of complex carbs to simple sugars, slow absorption in the GIT
Alpha glucosidase inhibitor used for diabetes prevention can cause what AE?
Flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Alpha glucosidase inhibitor with minor glucose lowering action?
Acarbose
Amylin analog that suppress glucagon release, delay GI emptying and is anorectic?
Pramlintide
GLP-1 agonist that produces early satiety administered as injectable preparation with metformin?
Exenatide
Uneeksena kasi busog na!
DPP-4 inhibitor that degrade GLP-1 for T2DM?
Sitagliptin
Popular antiobesity drug that inhibit pancreatic lipases?
Orlistat
Common AE of Orlistat?
Malabsorption of ADEK
Rebound weight gain upon discontinuation
Not for pregnant women!!
Antiobesity drug withdrawn from the market due to significant risk of stroke and CV events?
Sibutramine
Antiobesity drug withdrawn from the market due inc risk of suicides and depression?
Rimonabant
Block cannabinoid receptor, anorectic
Adverse effect of bangkok pills?
Valvular heart disease
Fenfluramune
Phentermine
Ephedrine
Effect of PTH on Ca and Mg? On bone?
HyperCa, hypoPO4 (trashing hormone)
Low intermittent - blast, build bone
High dose - inc bone resorption
Recombinant PTH used for osteoporosis?
Teriparatide
Tara pare build tayo ng bone
Inactive vit D used for rickets (children) and osteomalacia (adults)?
Ergocalciferol
AE: both hyperCa and hyperPO4
Active vit D used for CKD (secondary hyperparathy due to dec Ca, inc PTH), liver disease and hypoparathyroidism?
Calcitriol
Peptide hormone secreted by parafollicular C cells used for Paget’s and in hyperCa?
Calcitonin
Calcitonin used as a marker of what cancer?
Medullary thyroid cancer
Net effect of calcitonin on Ca and PO4?
Decrease serum Ca and PO4 by inhibiting bone resorption
Bisphosphonate that suppress activity of osteoclasts used in pagets and osteoporosis?
Alendronate
AE of bisphosphonates? (100%)
Esophagitis
Drink large quantities of water and avoid esophageal reflux
Alendronate contraindicated in?
Renal impairment, PUD, esophageal motility disorders
Phosphate binding resin used for hyperphos in CKD and in Vit D intoxication?
Sevelamer
Can reduce uric acid levels also
