Antibiotics: Protein Syn Inhibitors Flashcards
Concentration vs Time dependent?
CD: plasma level above MIC, more rapid and more proportion killed
(AG)
TD: directly related to time above when levels above MIC is reached
(Pen, ceph)
30s and 50s?
AT 30
Aminogly. Tetracyclines.
CELLS 50
Chloram. Eryth. Linezolid. Lincosamide. Streptogramins.
Effect seen in AG where killing action continues even at plasma concentration below measurable levels?
Post-antibiotic effect
Also in FQ
Greater efficacy of AG when taken in how many doses?
Single large dose
(Only given IM or IV)
Excreted renally, does NOT cross BBB
AG with narrowest therapeutic window?
Amikasin
Resistant to many enzymes
AG effective against anaerobes?
No. Need oxygen for uptake.
Examples of AG
STANG
Streptomycin/Spectinomycin, Tobramycin, Amikacin, Neomycin, Gentamicin
For infection by AEROBIC gram positive
Bactericidal aminoglycoside to 30s subunit used for endocarditis and ocular infections?
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
(Most vestibulo and nephrotoxic)
BINGI at BATO
Aerobic gram positive bacterial coverage of aminoglycosides?
KEEP PSP
Kleb. Ecoli. Enterobacter. Proteus.
Providencia. Serratia. Pseudomonas.
Bactericidal aminoglycoside to 30s subunit as second line drug for MDRTB?
Amikacin
Narrowest therapeutic window
“Liit mo Amy pati TV mo”
Bactericidal aminoglycoside to 30s subunit used for TB, tularemia, bubonic plague, brucellosis?
Streptomycin
Bubo the rat, Bruce the cow, Tulla the rabbit
Streptomycin teratogenic effect?
Congenital deafness
Bactericidal aminoglycoside to 30s subunit used for hep enceph and for bowel prep in elective surgeries?
Neomycin
-cause NMB like curare (reversed by ca gluc, neostigmine)
Kanamycin (most ototoxic) “mag-oto Kana!” while Genta and Tobra (most vestibulo and nephrotoxic) “gentle sobra Ni Vee”
Bactericidal aminoglycoside to 30s subunit used for drug-resistant gonorrhea?
Spectinomycin
“Spec spec” gonorrhea
Enhanced ototox if combined with?
Cisplatin and loop diuretics
Tetracycline MOA?
TeT
Block aTTachment to T-rna
Bacteriostatic, bind to 30s, used for mycoplasma, chlamydia, rickettsia, vibrio?
Tetracycline
Tetracycline teratogenic effect?
Discoloration of tooth enamel
“Teeth-tracyline”
What should not be taken with tetracycline because the drug decreases its absorption?
Milk
Calcium will bind to tetracycline instead of absorption in the GIT
DOC for MDR Malaria prophylaxis?
Doxycycline
Bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor that bind to 50s, used for meningitis (strep, h.inf, neisseria)?
Chloramphenicol
Backup drug for salmonella, rickettsia, bacteroides
Effect of chloramphenicol on the fetus?
Gray baby syndrome
Dec RBC, cyanosis and CV collapse
Ashen gray skin
Bacteriostatic, binds to 50s, used for CAP, Pertussis, Diphtheria and Chlamydia?
Erythromycin (Macrolides)
Azith, Clarith
All macrolides inhibit CYP450 except
Azithromycin
Highest Vd, slowest elimination (given OD only)
Macrolide AE?
Torsades de Pointes (long QT)
Cholestatic hepatitis
What is used if (+) macrolide resistance?
Telithromycin
“Macrowave and Telivision!”
Bacteriostatic, bind to 50s, used for ANAEROBIC infections? Also for PCP and toxoplasmosis
Clindamycin - anaerobes ABOVE diaphragm
Metro below
Most common AE of clindamycin?
Pseudomembranous colitis (Clostridium difficile)
Used for drug resistant infections like VRSA and MRSA?
Linezolid
Cause serotonin syndrome
BacteriCIDAL bind to 50s, also for VRSA MRSA?
Quinupristin Dalfopristin
(Streptogramin)
AE: Arthralgia myalgia syndrome
