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Pharma > Anesthetics and Skeletal muscle blockers > Flashcards

Anesthetics and Skeletal muscle blockers Flashcards

1
Q

All inhaled anesthetics are bronchodilators except:

A

Desflurane

Used as GA

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2
Q

Desflurane not used in people with?

A

Asthma

Act as pulmonary irritant, will worsen bronchospasm

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3
Q

All local anesthetics vasoDILATE except:

A

Cocaine

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4
Q

Laughing gas used in minor surgeries and dental procedures?

A

Nitrous (joyOUS) oxide - rapid onset
High MAC, low potency
Low PC, rapid onset, least cardiotoxic

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5
Q

Type of anemia caused by Nitrous oxide?

A

Megaloblastic

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6
Q

Most hepatotoxic inhalational anesthesia? Other AE?

A

Halothane

Cause malignant hyperthermia with succinylcholine

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7
Q

Antidote for malignant hyperthermia? (massive SR release of Ca due to defective RYR, trismus of the jaw)

A

Dantrolene

To decrease body temp rapidly

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8
Q

Inhalational GA with the LOWEST MAC and HIGHEST potency?

A

Methoxyflurane
stays in blood longer, very SLOW recovery
Cause renal insufficiency

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9
Q

Ultrashort acting barbiturate used as IV GA for anesthesia induction and increased ICP?

A

Thiopental

TAYO AGAD

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10
Q

Short acting BZD also used as IV GA is? Antidote for toxicity?

A

Midazolam

Antidote: Flumazenil

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11
Q

Dissociative anesthesia (no loss of consciousness but with analgesia) preferred in trauma patients with unstable vital signs?

A 
Ketamine
CV stimulation (inc BP and HR)
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12
Q

Ketamine AE? Therefore need pretreatment with?

A

Emergence delirium

Give BZDs first

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13
Q

IV GA with no analgesic properties, used if with limited cardiac reserve or respi reserve?

A

Etomidate

“Eto may date, pareserve na tayo”

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14
Q

How is neuroleptanesthesia achieved? Used in endoscopic, bronchoscopic and ophthalmic procedures

A

“Friend drop the ox”
Fentanyl
Droperidol
Nitrous oxide

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15
Q

Antidote for opioid (fentanyl) overdose?

A

Naloxone

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16
Q

IV GA also known as “Milk of Amnesia”?

A

Propofol - for OPD sedation

17
Q

Common AE of propofol?

A

Dec BP, dec HR

Priapism

18
Q

Local anesthetic with shortest half life?

Longest half life?

A

PRO finishes fast - Procaine - Ester

end of the ROPE - Ropivacaine - Amide

19
Q

Hyper K or Ca enhances local anesthesia effect?

A

Hyper K enhances

Hyper Ca antagonizes

20
Q

Local topical anesthesia used with care in patients with sunburn?

A

Benzocaine

Burn the Benz

21
Q

Toxic dose of Lidocaine?

A

5mg/kg (1% in 10mL solution)

Group 1B antiarrhythmic used for ventricular arrhythmias POST-MI

22
Q

Amide local anesthetic used in dental procedures that cause methemoglobinemia?

A

Prilocaine “Pri dental checkup!”

Antidote: Methylene blue
METhemoglobinemia = METhylene blue

23
Q

Give two cardiotoxic local anesthetics

A

Bupivacaine
Ropivacaine

“HeartBuRoken”

24
Q

Treatment of anesthesia induced cardiotoxicity?

A

Intralipid

Fat emulsion used in TPN

25
Q

Nondepolarizing NMB prevent action of ACh at the end plate. These effects can be reversed by?

A

Neostigmine

Cholinesterase inhibitor

26
Q

Nondepolarizing NMB with most rapid onset?

Reversed by what novel drug?

A

Rocuronium (60-120 seconds only)

Reversed by Sugammadex

27
Q

Long acting NMB that cause RECURARIZATION (drug eliminated but still with active metabolites) and is contraindicated in patients with MI?

A

Tubocurarine

AE: Resp paralysis, ganglion block

28
Q

Intermediate acting ND NMB used during intubation and GA that cause seizures, bronchospasm, histamine release?

A

Atracurium

29
Q

Atracurium undergoes what type of elimination?

A 
Hoffman elimination
(Rapid spontaneous breakdown to form laudanosine)
30
Q

Intermediate acting ND NMB that is eliminated in bile?

A

Vecuronium

VILE = Vecuronium

31
Q

Long acting ND NMB used in euthanasia and lethal injection?

A

Pancuronium

32
Q

Drugs used in lethal injection?

A

ToPaK!

  1. Thiopental
  2. Pancuronium
  3. KCl
33
Q

The only DEPOLARIZING NMB?

A

Succinylcholine

34
Q

NMB metabolized by PSEUDOcholinesterase?
Eliminated in bile?
Excreted renally?

A

PseudoCholi - Mivacurium and Succinylcholine
Bile - Vecuronium
Renal - Pancuronium, tubocurarine

Pharma (27 decks)

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