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Pharma > Antibiotics: Cell wall inhibitors > Flashcards

Antibiotics: Cell wall inhibitors Flashcards

0
Q

MOA of beta lactam antibiotics?

A

Bind to PBP in cell wall to inhibit transpeptidation reaction that crosslinks cell wall PG

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1
Q

Narrow spectrum penicillin used against Strep, pneumococcal, meningococcal infections?

A

Penicillin G - IV
Penicillin V - Oral
(Prone to inactivation by beta lactamases - degrade beta lactam ring)

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2
Q

What drug prolongs action of pen by competing with renal tubular transporters?

A

Probenecid

Used in gout

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3
Q

Very narrow spectrum pen used against staphylococcal infections? (Penicillinase producing)

A

Methi, Naf, Oxa, Cloxacillin
“NAF for STAPH”
Excreted in bile
Given via IV due to poor absorption when given PO

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4
Q

Extended spectrum penicillin against Listeria and Enterococcus?

A

Ampicillin

Lista mo na si Ampi

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5
Q

Extended spectrum penicillin used as empiric treatment for otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis?

A

Amoxicillin - greater ORAL bioavailability

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6
Q

Extended spectrum penicillin for moraxella and H. influenzae?

A

Co-amoxyclav

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7
Q

Ampicillin (Listeria) common AE?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis
Clostridium difficile
Treat with metro or vanco if life threatening

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8
Q

Clavulanic acid MOA?

A

Inhibits penicillinase, enhance activity of ampil and amox vs bacteria

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9
Q

ESPs work synergistically with what group of drugs?

A

Aminoglycosides
Ampi prevents restoration of holes in bacteria cell wall, allow AG to enter cell
Ampi Genta

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10
Q

Antimicrobial covering of ESP?

A

Ampicillin - Listeria. Enterococcus.
Coamox - Moraxella, H. influ
Proteus, E. coli, Salmonella

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11
Q

Penicillin for psedomonas? For enterobacter and kleb?

A

Pseudomonas - Ticarcillin - have antiplatelet activity, prone to bleeding
Enterobacter - Piperacillin

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12
Q

Antipseudomonal penicillins?

A

Takes Care of Pseudomonas
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

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13
Q

Microbes covered by first gen ceph?

A

PEK

Proteus. E. coli. Klebsiella.

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14
Q

First gen ceph has same MOA as penicillins, usually used for?

A 
Surgical prophylaxis
Bone infection (Cefazolin with good bone penetration)
Skin and soft tissue infections by staph and strep except MRSA
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15
Q

Mnemonic for First gen ceph?

A

Fader help me faz my PHarma

16
Q

Difference of second gen ceph from first gen?

A

More resistant to beta lactamase.
Can cover more gram negative but still not effective against pseudomonas
Does not cross BBB

17
Q

Microbial coverage of second gen?

A

HEN PEKS

H. influenzae, Enterobacter, Neisseria, Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia

18
Q

Which second gen cause disulfiram like reaction?

A

Clara took PMT at PM
Cefamandole
Cefotetan

19
Q

Second gen used as single dose treatment for neisseria?

A

Cefuroxime

20
Q

Difference of third gen from second and first?

A

Decreased gram positive coverage. With anti-pseudomonas and anti-bacteroides activity
Synergistic with AG (first and second inc nephrotox with AG)

21
Q

Third generation cephalosporin that causes disulfiram like reaction?

A

Clara took Pmt at pm

Cefoperazone

22
Q

Mnemonic for third gen?

A

Fenge

23
Q

Fourth gen ceph with wide coverage of gram positive and negative, resistant to beta lactamase?

A

Cefepime

24
Q

Cephalosporins against Pseudomonas?

A

TAZ, FEP, FOPERA
Ceftazidime (3rd)
Cefepime (4th)
Cefoperazone (3rd)

25
Q

Carbapenem that covers gram positive and negative bacteria, reserved for serious life threatening infections?

A

Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem

26
Q

What inhibits renal metabolism of imipenem?

A

Cilastatin

Kill is lastin’ with cilastatin

27
Q

Monobactam for infections by Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Serratia? KlePS

A

Aztreonam

Resistant to beta lactamase

28
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitor used with penicillin against strep, ecoli, haemophilus?

A

Clavulanic acid
Amoxiclav
Ampi Sulbac
Pip Tazo

29
Q

Glycopeptide used for MRSA?

A

Vancomycin

30
Q

Vancomycin AE?

A

Red man syndrome
Due to histamine release
(Prevent by slowing rate of infusion or give antiHis)

31
Q

Vancomycin MOA?

A

Bind to D-Ala D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycan, also inhibit cell wall synthesis

32
Q

What drug if resistant to vancomycin?

A

Linezolid

33
Q

Peptide antibiotic reserved for topical use against gram positive organism?

A

Bacitracin
Marked nephrotox - topical only
vs Aztreonam - for gram negative

34
Q

Antimetabolite used as second line drug for drug-resistant TB?

A

Cycloserine

Blocks incorporation of D-Ala to the PG

Pharma (27 decks)

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