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Organism 1 Finals > Angiosperms > Flashcards

Angiosperms Flashcards

1
Q

what first appears in angiosperms

A

fruits and flowers

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2
Q

what is a flower

A

structure of modified leaves that have color and ornamentation which is believed to help pollination attraction

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3
Q

what is linnaeus’ system of taxonomic nomenclature

A

binomial
derived for plants
distiguishes plant species based on the similarities in their flowers

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4
Q

how did linnaeus describe the plant reproductive system

A

incestuous (self fertilization)
polygamous (single male flower pollinating multiple female flowers)
promiscuous

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5
Q

what did linneaus publication do

A
  1. criticism of scientific colleagues
  2. criticism of pope
  3. getting people interseted and talking about flowers/botany
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6
Q

what is a fruit

A

seed-bearing structure unique to angiosperms

formed from ovary tissues that encircle the ovule

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7
Q

what is the ovary in plants

A

tissues in angiosperms that surround ovules

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8
Q

what are the theories to increase in angiosperms

A
  1. coevolution with insect pollinators

2. creation of niches through ecosystem engineering

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9
Q

what roles do flowers perform

A

attract pollinators

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10
Q

what does plant growth depend on

A

sunlight
climate
soil nutrition

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11
Q

what is a trait of decomposing angiosperms

A

leaves modify soil to benefit angiosperms over gymnosperms by making the soil more neutral

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12
Q

where are gymnosperms dominant today

A

in colder areas where angiosperms cant thrive

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13
Q

what are the main changes in angiosperms over time

A

greater somatal density and veins in leaf tissues

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14
Q

what does more veins and stomata help with

A

more efficient water movement in the plant

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15
Q

what are the groups of angiosperms

A

dicots
monocots
magnoliid
basal angiosperms

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16
Q

characteristics of dicots

A

2 cotyledons in germination
netted veins
taproot system mainly
flower parts are in multiples of 4-5

17
Q

what are the most important phyla in dicots

A

asteraceae
fabceae
cucubitaceae
roaseae

18
Q

traits of asteraceae

A

sunflower family

unique flower shape: symmetrical and have petals that are modified flowers with ovules

19
Q

traits of fabaceae

A

legume family

has a unique fruit shape: bead “pod”

20
Q

traits of cucurbitaceae

A

cucurbit family

unique fruit structure: 3 chambers with a row of seeds on the interior

21
Q

traits of rosaceae

A

rose family
almost all fruit trees
radially symmetrical flowers with many stamens

22
Q

characteristics of monocots

A

one cotyledon in germination
parallel veins
fibrous root system
flower parts in multiples of 3

23
Q

most important phyla in monocots

A

orchidaceae

poaceae

24
Q

traits of orchidaceae

A

orchid family
very showy bilaterally symmetrical flowers
very tiny seeds with no endosperm

25
Q

traits of poaceae

A 
grass family
very reduced flowers
mainly wind pollination
long narrow leaves
apical shoot meristem often at the base of root instead of tip
26
Q

characteristics of magnoliid

A

only one family: magnoliaceae
very simplified flowers
include magnolias
represents examples of early angiosperms

27
Q

characteristics of basal angiosperms

A

includes water lilies and hellebores

represents early forms of angiosperms

28
Q

male angiosperm lifecycle

A

single cell microspore produces
microspore goes through mitosis
pollen is formed and dispersed

29
Q

male angiosperm ferilization

A

pollen lands on the stigma part of a flower
pollen grain germinates
pollen tube extends the style to the micropyle
generative cell releases 2 sperm cells

30
Q

female angiosperm lifecycle

A

mother diploid cell goes through meiosis
4 daughter cells (one lives=megaspore)
megaspores does mitosis to produce female gametophyte
female gametophyte mitosis and produces an egg and all parts of angiosperm seed

31
Q

what is double fertlization

A

fertilization in angiosperms

32
Q

when does pollination take place

A

immediately before fertilization

33
Q

what does pollen release

A

2 sperm cells

34
Q

role of the sperm cell

A

fertilize egg

become zygote

35
Q

role of other sperm cell

A

fertilize central cell

become endosperm

Organism 1 Finals (21 decks)

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