Angiosperms

Question 1

what first appears in angiosperms

Answer 1

fruits and flowers

Question 2

what is a flower

Answer 2

structure of modified leaves that have color and ornamentation which is believed to help pollination attraction

Question 3

what is linnaeus’ system of taxonomic nomenclature

Answer 3

binomial
derived for plants
distiguishes plant species based on the similarities in their flowers

Question 4

how did linnaeus describe the plant reproductive system

Answer 4

incestuous (self fertilization)
polygamous (single male flower pollinating multiple female flowers)
promiscuous

Question 5

what did linneaus publication do

Answer 5

1. criticism of scientific colleagues
2. criticism of pope
3. getting people interseted and talking about flowers/botany

Question 6

what is a fruit

Answer 6

seed-bearing structure unique to angiosperms

formed from ovary tissues that encircle the ovule

Question 7

what is the ovary in plants

Answer 7

tissues in angiosperms that surround ovules

Question 8

what are the theories to increase in angiosperms

Answer 8

1. coevolution with insect pollinators

2. creation of niches through ecosystem engineering

Question 9

what roles do flowers perform

Answer 9

attract pollinators

Question 10

what does plant growth depend on

Answer 10

sunlight
climate
soil nutrition

Question 11

what is a trait of decomposing angiosperms

Answer 11

leaves modify soil to benefit angiosperms over gymnosperms by making the soil more neutral

Question 12

where are gymnosperms dominant today

Answer 12

in colder areas where angiosperms cant thrive

Question 13

what are the main changes in angiosperms over time

Answer 13

greater somatal density and veins in leaf tissues

Question 14

what does more veins and stomata help with

Answer 14

more efficient water movement in the plant

Question 15

what are the groups of angiosperms

Answer 15

dicots
monocots
magnoliid
basal angiosperms

Question 16

characteristics of dicots

Answer 16

2 cotyledons in germination
netted veins
taproot system mainly
flower parts are in multiples of 4-5

Question 17

what are the most important phyla in dicots

Answer 17

asteraceae
fabceae
cucubitaceae
roaseae

Question 18

traits of asteraceae

Answer 18

sunflower family

unique flower shape: symmetrical and have petals that are modified flowers with ovules

Question 19

traits of fabaceae

Answer 19

legume family

has a unique fruit shape: bead “pod”

Question 20

traits of cucurbitaceae

Answer 20

cucurbit family

unique fruit structure: 3 chambers with a row of seeds on the interior

Question 21

traits of rosaceae

Answer 21

rose family
almost all fruit trees
radially symmetrical flowers with many stamens

Question 22

characteristics of monocots

Answer 22

one cotyledon in germination
parallel veins
fibrous root system
flower parts in multiples of 3

Question 23

most important phyla in monocots

Answer 23

orchidaceae

poaceae

Question 24

traits of orchidaceae

Answer 24

orchid family
very showy bilaterally symmetrical flowers
very tiny seeds with no endosperm

Question 25

traits of poaceae

Answer 25

``` grass family very reduced flowers mainly wind pollination long narrow leaves apical shoot meristem often at the base of root instead of tip ```

Question 26

characteristics of magnoliid

Answer 26

only one family: magnoliaceae very simplified flowers include magnolias represents examples of early angiosperms

Question 27

characteristics of basal angiosperms

Answer 27

includes water lilies and hellebores | represents early forms of angiosperms

Question 28

male angiosperm lifecycle

Answer 28

single cell microspore produces microspore goes through mitosis pollen is formed and dispersed

Question 29

male angiosperm ferilization

Answer 29

pollen lands on the stigma part of a flower pollen grain germinates pollen tube extends the style to the micropyle generative cell releases 2 sperm cells

Question 30

female angiosperm lifecycle

Answer 30

mother diploid cell goes through meiosis 4 daughter cells (one lives=megaspore) megaspores does mitosis to produce female gametophyte female gametophyte mitosis and produces an egg and all parts of angiosperm seed

Question 31

what is double fertlization

Answer 31

fertilization in angiosperms

Question 32

when does pollination take place

Answer 32

immediately before fertilization

Question 33

what does pollen release

Answer 33

2 sperm cells

Question 34

role of the sperm cell

Answer 34

fertilize egg | become zygote

Question 35

role of other sperm cell

Answer 35

fertilize central cell | become endosperm