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Organism 1 Finals > Algae > Flashcards

Algae Flashcards

1
Q

what is algae

A

the polyphyletic grouping of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms

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2
Q

what is polyphyletic

A

organisms that dont share an immediate common ancestor

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3
Q

how are algae groups divided

A 
class of organism of the endosymbiont
type of endosymbiosis
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4
Q

what is an endosymbiont

A

organism that is engulfed and is the symbiont to a larger organism

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5
Q

what are the 3 main endosymbiont in algae

A
  • cyanobacteria
  • green algae
  • red algae
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6
Q

what does the green algae group include

A
  • modern day green algae
  • plants
  • red algae
  • glaucophytes
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7
Q

what is the taxon for green algae in plants

A

viridiplantae

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8
Q

what is the taxon for primary endosymbiont algae

A

archaeplastida

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9
Q

what does archaeplastida include

A
  • terrestrial plants
  • modern day green algae
  • red algae
  • glaucophytes
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10
Q

what is the closest relative to terrestrial plants

A

green algae

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11
Q

what are characteristics of green algae

A
  • single cell
  • colonial grouping of single cells
  • large seaweeds
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12
Q

how many species of green algae exist

A

8000+

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13
Q

what do chloroplasts contain in green algae

A

chlorophyll a and b

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14
Q

what are characteristics of red algae

A

most are multicellular

mainly marine

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15
Q

how many species of red algae exist

A

7000+

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16
Q

what is the pigment in chloroplasts of red algae

A

phycobiliprotein

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17
Q

how many species of glaucophytes

A

around 15

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18
Q

characteristics of glaucophytes

A

freshwater species

they retain peptidoglycan layer of cyanobacteria

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19
Q

what are the pigments found in glaucophytes

A

chlorophyll a

phycobiliprotein

20
Q

what is special about blue algae

A

its actually cyanobecteria

21
Q

what is a lifecycle

A

the steps involved in the life and reproduction of species

22
Q

what is the lifecycle in animals

A

gametes fuse into the zygote

diploid organism does cellular division and grows

23
Q

what are the animal gametes

A

egg and sperm

haploid cells

24
Q

what is the alteration of generation

A

haploid and diploid grow into multicellular organism and release haploid forms

25
Q

what is the sporophyte generation

A

diploid multicellular organism that produces haploid cells (spores) through meiosis

26
Q

what is the gametophyte generation

A

haploid multicellular organism that produces haploid cells (gametes) through mitosis

27
Q

what is the lifecycle of the sporophyte generation

A
  • haploid gamete cells fuze into a diploid cell
  • diploid cell becomes organism
  • diploid organism produces haploid spore cells through meiosis
28
Q

what is the lifecycle of the gametophyte generation

A
  • haploid spore cells grow into organism
  • organisms can be male or female
  • organisms produce gametes through mitosis
29
Q

how do most green algae reproduce

A

alteration of generation

30
Q

how do glaucophytes reproduce

A

asexually

31
Q

what do lage need to reproduce

A

water

32
Q

what is the advantage to asexual repro

A

fast
no genetic varation

best when conditions are stressful

33
Q

what is the advantage to sexual repro

A

slower
genetic variation
healthier population

34
Q

what are 2 algal symbioses

A

lichens

sea sponges

35
Q

what are lichens

A

a complex of a fungal species with green algae

sometimes cyanobacterium

36
Q

how many species are there of lichens

A

around 20 000

37
Q

what is a mycobiont

A

the fungal partner

38
Q

what is the photobiont

A

the photosynthesizer

39
Q

what is the role of the photobiont

A

they provide carbohydrates to the mycobiont through photosynthesis

40
Q

what is the role of the mycobiont

A

it provides protection from desiccation

41
Q

how do lichens grow

A

mycobiont controls rate of division for photobiont

42
Q

how do lichens reproduce

A

asexually

43
Q

what are sea sponges

A

a freshwater species of a basal group of animals

44
Q

what is the symbiont in sea sponges

A

mostly cynaobacteria

sometimes green algae

45
Q

what is the role of green algae in sea sponges

A

provide carbohydrates to the sponges

Organism 1 Finals (21 decks)

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