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iPTX II > Alcohol Withdrawal > Flashcards

Alcohol Withdrawal Flashcards

1
Q

Ethanol is primarily metabolized via (oxidative/non-oxidative) metabolsim

A

Oxidative

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2
Q

Examples of screening tools for assessing alcohol use

A

. CAGE questionnaire
. AUDIT
. AUDIT-PC (shorter AUDIT)
. PAWSS

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3
Q

Acute alcohol ingestion (inc/dec) GABA activity and (inc/dec) glutamate activity

A

Inc, dec

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4
Q

Chronic alcohol ingestion (up/down) regulates GABA receptors and (up/down) regulates NMDA receptors

A

Down, up

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5
Q

Abrupt alcohol cessation (inc/dec) GABA pathway activity and (inc/dec) NMDA pathway activity

A

Dec, inc

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6
Q

Onset of alcoholic hallucinosis can be seen at what time frame?
a. 8 hours
b. 12 hours
c. 24 hours
d. 72 hours

A

a. 8 hours

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7
Q

Onset of alcohol withdrawal seizures can be seen at what time frame?
a. 8 hours
b. 12 hours
c. 24 hours
d. 72 hours

A

b. 12 hours

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8
Q

What is regarded as the most serious complication of alcohol withdrawal?

A

Delirium tremens

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9
Q

True or false: Delirium tremens is not seen 7-10 days after last drink

A

False. Can still occur7-10 days after last drink

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10
Q

True or false: The CIWA-Ar Scale assesses severity of withdrawal and is used for diagnosis of AWS

A

False. NOT used for diagnosis

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11
Q

What CIWA-Ar score indicates severe symptoms?

A

19+

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12
Q

What CIWA-Ar score indicates mild symptoms?

A

Less than 10

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13
Q

Which class of medications is considered first line treatment for AWS?

A

Benzodiazepines

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14
Q

Benzodiazepine MOA in AWS

A

Stimulate GABAa receptors which increases influx of chloride ions and provide inhibitory effects

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15
Q

Which 2 benzodiazepines used in AWS do not have any active metabolites?

A

Lorazepam and oxazepam

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16
Q

Benzodiazepine selection considerations for elderly patients or those with liver dysfunction. Which agents?

A

. Shorter duration of action
. Lack of active metabolites
. Lorazepam or oxazepam

17
Q

Benzodiazepine selection considerations for healthy patients. Which agents?

A

. Longer duration of action
. Chlordiazepoxide or diazepam

18
Q

True or false: Oxazepam is only available PO

A

True

19
Q

Characteristics of a front-loading benzodiazepine dosing strategy

A

. Moderate-high dose of long acting benzo
. Recommended for severe (CIWA-Ar 19+)

20
Q

Characteristics of a symptom-triggered benzodiazepine dosing strategy

A

. Benzo only administered when patient is experiencing symptoms (CIWA-Ar 8-10)

21
Q

Which benzodiazepine is usually preferred for alcohol withdrawal seizures?

A

Lorazepam (next line can be diazepam)

22
Q

True or false: Oral or IV alcohol may be used for the prevention or treatment of alcohol withdrawal

A

False

23
Q

What deficiency results in Wernicke’s encephalopathy?

A

Thiamine

iPTX II (41 decks)

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