Alcohol Flashcards
Describe the effects of petrol sniffing.
Petrol sniffing can lead to euphoria, visual hallucinations, slurred speech, slowed reflexes, increased libido, dizziness, disassociation with the environment, and vomiting.
What are the safe alcohol consumption levels for males, females, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers?
Males: 2 cups per day, Females: 1 cup per day, Pregnant women: none, Breastfeeding mothers: none.
How can alcohol consumption be reduced in Australia?
One way to reduce alcohol consumption in Australia is by raising taxes on alcohol.
Do males or females tend to be more affected by alcohol consumption?
Females tend to be more affected by alcohol consumption.
What are the main features of fetal alcohol syndrome?
The main features of fetal alcohol syndrome include an absent philtrum and a thin upper lip.
Describe the main feature seen in babies with fetal alcohol syndrome as they grow up.
As babies with fetal alcohol syndrome grow up, they may exhibit irritability and agitation.
How can a pregnant woman who was drinking alcohol before knowing she was pregnant affect the baby?
If a pregnant woman was drinking alcohol before knowing she was pregnant, there is a low risk of harming the baby. FETAL alcohol SYNDROME
Define fetal alcohol syndrome.
Fetal alcohol syndrome is a condition caused by prenatal exposure to alcohol and is characterized by a range of physical and cognitive abnormalities.
What is the most common cause of mental retardation in Australia?
Fetal alcohol syndrome is the most common cause of mental retardation in Australia.
What is the most common substance causing male infertility?
Alcohol is the most common substance causing male infertility.
How should follow-up care be conducted during pregnancy?
Follow-up care during pregnancy should involve regular medical check-ups and monitoring to ensure the health of both the mother and the baby. ULTRASOUND
Describe the timing of alcohol withdrawal symptoms in a patient admitted to the hospital.
Symptoms typically appear 2 days after hospital admission.
What are the main symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, particularly after 2 days of admission?
Mainly agitation and visual hallucinations.
What is the maximum duration after which delirium tremens, a severe form of alcohol withdrawal, may occur?
After 5 days, which can be fatal.
What is the recommended treatment for alcohol withdrawal, considered very important?
Diazepam.
If the liver is affected in alcohol withdrawal, what is the preferred treatment option?
Lorazepam.
What is the most important question to ask in order to detect alcoholic addiction?
The question about an ‘eye opener’ drink.
What is the legal age for alcohol consumption in Australia?
18 years old.
Describe dynamic therapy and its primary focus.
It is used for borderline personality disorder.
What is the focus of dialectical behavior therapy and for which condition is it mainly used?
Designed to help change behavior patterns, mainly used for borderline personality disorder.
What type of psychotherapy is used in OCD?
Exposure and prevention therapy.
In which conditions is gradual exposure therapy commonly used?
For panic attacks and phobias.
What conditions are typically addressed with insight-oriented therapy?
Hypochondriasis and conversion disorders.
Which type of condition is associated with aversion therapy?
Kleptomania
What is the most common type of therapy used for the majority of psychiatric patients?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
List the most common drugs causing teratogenicity in order.
1st: Alcohol, 2nd: Nicotine, 3rd: Cocaine, 4th: Amphetamine.
