Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

the Sierra Corporations Annual Newsletter > AIM Chapter 7 Meteorology > Flashcards

AIM Chapter 7 Meteorology Flashcards

1
Q

Where can more details on weather products be found?

A

Advisory Circular 00-45, Aviation Weather Services

AIM 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for a wind shift?

A

Wind direction changes by 45 degrees or more, in less than 15 minutes, and the wind speed is 10 knots or more throughout the wind shift

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for visibility?

A

When surface visibility decreases to less than or increases to equal to or exceeds:
3 SM
2 SM
1 SM
1/2 SM
1/4 SM or the lowest standard IAP minimums

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for RVR?

A

The highest value decreases to less than or increases to equal or exceed 2,400 ft during the preceeding 10 minutes

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for a Tornado, Funnel Cloud, or Waterspout?

A

When one is observed or disappears from sight or ends

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for a thunderstorm?

A

When one begins and is not already reported, or ends

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for precipitation?

A

Hill begins or ends
Freezing preciptation begins, ends, or changes intensity
Ice pellets begin, end, or change intensity
Snow begins, ends, or changes intensity

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for a squall?

A

When a squall occurs
(wind speed suddenly increases by at least 16 knots and is sustained at 22 knots or more for at least one minute)

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When will a SPECI be issued for the ceiling?

A

The ceiling decresases to less than or increases to equal or exceed:
3,000 ft
1,500 ft
1,000 ft
500 ft
200 ft or the lowest standard IAP minimums

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Will a SPECI be issued for a Volcanic Eruption?

A

Yes, when an eruption is first noted

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Will a SPECI be issued for an Aircraft Mishap?

A

Yes

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a Squall?

A

The wind speed suddenly increases by at least 16 knots and is sustained at 22 knots or more for at least one minute

Table 7-1-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When can Graphical Forecasts for Aviation (GFA) data be viewed?

A

14 hours in the past to 15 hours in the future

AIM 7-1-4(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the Aviaiton Cloud Forecast provide?

A

Clouds coverage
Bases, layers, and tops
AIRMETS for mountain obsuctaion and icing

AIM 7-1-4(b)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Aviation Surface Forecast provide?

A

Visibility
Weather phenomena
Winds (including gusts)
AIRMETs for instrument flight rules and sustained surface winds of 30 knots or more

AIM 7-1-4(b)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How often are the Aviaiton Surface Forecast and Aviaiton Cloud Forecast updated?

A

Every 3 hours

AIM 7-1-4(b)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When should a Standard Briefing be requested?

A

Any time a previous briefing or preliminiary information through online resources has not been received

AIM 7-1-5(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When should an Abbreviated Breifing be requested?

A

Any time supplemental data is needed, to update a previous briefing, or when only a few specific items are needed

AIM 7-1-5(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When should an Outlook Briefing be requested?

A

When the propesed time of departure is 6 or more hours from the time of the briefing

AIM 7-1-5(d)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who are SIGMETs intended for?

A

All pilots

AIM 7-1-6(d)(1)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How long are SIGMETs valid for?

A

4 hours
6 hours for tropical cyclones and volcanic ash clouds

AIM 7-1-6(d)(1)(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How long are SIGMETs for tropical cyclones or volcanic ash clouds valid for?

A

6 hours

AIM 7-1-6(d)(1)(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When are SIGMETs issued?

A

As required

AIM 7-1-6(d)(1)(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are SIGMETs issued for?

A

Severe icing not associated with thunderstorms
Severe or extreme turbulence not associated with thunderstorms
Clear air turbulence (CAT)
Widespread dust storms or sandstorms lowering surface visibility to below 3 miles
Volcanic Ash

AIM 7-1-6(d)(2)(d)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are SIGMETs over Alaska and Hawaii/Oceanic Regions issued for?

A

Same as contiguous US
Tornadoes
Lines of thunderstorms
Embedded Thunderstorms
Hail greater than or equal to 3/4 inch in diameter

AIM 7-1-6(d)(3)(e)
AIM 7-1-6(d)(4)(d)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a severe thunderstorm?

A

Surface winds greater than or equal to 50 knots
Hail at the surface greater than or equal to 3/4 inches in diameter
Tornadoes

AIM 7-1-6(e)(1)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What will a Convective SIGMET be issued for?

A

A severe thunderstorm
Embedded thunderstorms
A line of thunderstorms
Thunderstorms producing precipitation greater than or equal to heavy precipitation affecting 40% or more of an area at least 3,000 square miles

AIM 7-1-6(e)(1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How often are Convective SIGMET bulletins issued?

A

Hourley at H+55
As required

AIM 7-1-6(e)(3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Will a Convective SIGMET bulletin be issued if there is nothing meeting the required criteria?

A

Yes
The bulletin will state “CONVECTIVE SIGMET…NONE”

AIM 7-1-6(e)(3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How long is a Convective SIGMET valid?

A

2 hours

AIM 7-1-6(e)(3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is an AIRMET?

A

A concise description of the occurrence or expected occurrence of specified en route weather phenomena that may affect the safety of aircraft operations, but at intensities lower than those which require the issuance of a SIGMET

AIM 7-1-6(f)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Who are AIRMETs intended for?

A

All pilots, but especially Visual Flight Rules pilots and operators of sensitive aircraft

AIM 7-1-6(f)(2)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How long are AIRMETs valid for?

A

6 hours
8 hours in Alaska

AIM 7-1-6(f)(2)(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How often are AIRMETs issued?

A

Every 6 hours
Every 8 hours in Alaska
As necessary

AIM 7-1-6(f)(2)(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

When are AIRMETs issued over the Contiguous US?

A

0245, 0845, 1445, 2045 UTC

Table 7-1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

When are AIRMETs issued over Alaska?

A

Standard time
0515, 1315, 2115 UTC

Daylight savings time
0415, 1215, 2015 UTC

Table 7-1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

When are AIRMETs issued over Hawaii?

A

0400, 1000, 1600, 2200 UTC

Table 7-1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What will an AIRMET Tango be issued for?

A

Moderate turbulence
Non-convective low-level wind shear potential below 2,000ft AGL
Sustained surface winds greater than 30 knotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What will an AIRMET Zulu be issued for?

A

Moderate icing
Freezing levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What will an AIRMET Sierra be issued for?

A

Widespread mountain obscuration
Instrument flight rule conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

When are G-AIRMETs valid?

A

Discrete times no more than 3 hours apart for a period of up to 12 hours into the future

AIM 7-1-6(f)(3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is a Center Weather Advisory?

A

Unscheduled inflight, flow control, air traffic, and air crew advisory
(Not a flight planning product)

AIM 7-1-6(h)(1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

When will ARTCCs broadcast a Convective SIGMET, SIGMET, AIRMET, Urgent Pilot Report, or CWA?

A

Any part of the area described with within 150 miles of the airspace under their jurisdiction

AIM 7-1-8(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What does AWOS stand for?

A

Automated Weather Observing System

AIM 7-1-10(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What does ASOS stand for?

A

Automated Surface Observing System

AIM 7-1-10(d)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What does an AWOS-A report?

A

Altimeter setting only
Any other information is advisory only

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What does an AWOS-AV report?

A

Alimter
Visibility
Any other information is advisory only

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What does an AWOS-1 report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What does an AWOS-2 report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(d)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What does an AWOS-3 report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility
Cloud/ceiling data

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(e)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What does an AWOS-3P report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility
Cloud/ceiling data
Precipitation identification

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(f)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What does an AWOS-3T report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility
Cloud/ceiling data
Thunderstorm/lighting reporting

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(h)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What does an AWOS-3PT report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility
Cloud/ceiling data
Precipitation identification
Thunderstorm/lighting reporting

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What does an AWOS-4 report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility
Cloud/ceiling data
Precipitation occurrence, type, and accumulation
Freezing rain
Thunderstorm
Runway surface sensors

AIM 7-1-10(b)(3)(i)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What does an ASOS report?

A

Altimeter setting
Wind data
Temperature
Dew point
Density altitude
Visibility
Cloud/ceiling data
Precipitation identification, accumulation
Freezing rain
Remarks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

When will an AWOS report weather and obstructions to visibility?

A

When the reported visibility is less than 7 miles

AIM 7-1-10(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

When will an AWOS report density altitude?

A

When the density altitude exceeds field elevation by more than 1,000ft

AIM 7-1-10(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

How does an AWOS calculate visibility?

A

Using a 10-minute harmonic average

AIM 7-1-10(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Where is the AWOS visibility sensor located?

A

Near the touchdown of the primary instrument runway

AIM 7-1-10(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

How does an AWOS calculate sky condition/ceiling?

A

Integrates the last 30 minutes of ceilometer data

AIM 7-1-10(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

When will AUTO be added to a METAR?

A

When the data is derived from an automated system

AIM 7-1-10(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is the service volume of an AWOS?

A

A maximum of 25 NM and a maximum altitude of 10,000 feet AGL

AIM 7-1-10(b)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

How often does an AWOS update?

A

Every minute

AIM 7-1-10(b)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

How long is the typical AWOS message?

A

20-30 seconds

AIM 7-1-10(b)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What does AO1 mean in the remarks?

A

Automated weather reporting stations without a precipitation discriminator

AIM 7-1-10(d)(5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What does AO2 mean in the remarks?

A

Automated weather reporting stations with a precipitation discriminator

AIM 7-1-10(d)(5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What automated remarks can be added to an AWOS broadcast?

A

Density Altitude
Variable Visibility
Variable Wind Direction

AIM 7-1-10(c)(5)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What manual remarks can be added to an AWOS broadcast?

A

Type and intensity of precipitation
Thunderstorms and direction
Obstructions to vision when the visibility is 3 miles or less

AIM 7-1-10(c)(5)(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

What does WARP stand for?

A

Weather and Radar Processor

AIM 7-1-12(a)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

How old can precipitation data be by the time it reaches an ARTCC controller’s display?

A

Up to 6 minutes old

AIM 7-1-12(a)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What does ARSR stand for?

A

Air Route Surveillance Radar

AIM 7-1-12(a)(4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Can ATC radar detect turbulence?

A

No

AIM 7-1-12(a)(5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What should a pilot state when requesting a deviation for weather?

A

Heading or degrees
Direction of deviation
Approxiamte number of miles

AIM 7-1-12 (b)(1)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

When will ATC advise pilot of light precipitation?

A

<26 dBZ

AIM 7-1-12(a)(2)(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

When will ATC advise pilots of moderate precipitation?

A

26 to 40 dBZ

AIM 7-1-12(a)(2)(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

When will ATC advise pilots of heavy precipitation?

A

> 40 to 50 dBZ

AIM 7-1-12(a)(2)(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

When will ATC advise pilots of extreme precipitation?

A

> 50 dBZ

AIM 7-1-12(a)(2)(d)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

When wil RVR be reported?

A

When the prevailing visibility is less than one mile and/or the RVR is 6,000 feet or less

AIM 7-1-13(g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is the definition of ceiling?

A

The lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomenon that is reported “broken,” “overcast,” or “obscuration”

7-1-14(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

What is the height of clouds reported in?

A

Height above ground level
In PIREPs, clouds are reported in MSL

7-1-14(a)
7-1-14(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

What is prevailing visibility?

A

The greatest visibility equaled or exceeded throughout at least one half of the horizon circle, not necessarily contiguous

7-1-15(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

When will tower visibility be reported?

A

When it is less than 4 miles

AIM 7-1-15(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

How is light rain identified?

A

Scattered drops that, regardless of duration, do not completely wet an exposed surface up to a condition where individual drops are easily seen

AIM 7-1-16(a)(1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

How is moderate rain identified?

A

Individual drops are not clearly identifiable; spray is observable just above pavements and other hard surfaces

AIM 7-1-16(a)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

How is heavy rain identified?

A

Rain seemingly falls in sheets; individual drops are not identifiable; heavy spray to height of several inches is observed over hard surfaces

aIM 7-1-16(a)(3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

How are light ice pellets identified?

A

Scattered pellets that do not completely cover an exposed surface regarless of duration. Visibility is not affected

AIM 7-1-16(b)(1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

How are moderate ice pellets identified?

A

Slow accumulation on ground. Visibility reduced by ice pellets to less than 7 statute miles

AIM 7-1-16(b)(2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

How are heavy ice pellets identified?

A

Rapid accumulation on ground. Visibility reduced by ice pellets to less than 3 statute miles

AIM 7-1-16(b)(3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

How is light drizzle identified?

A

Visibility more than 1/2 statute mile

AIM 7-1-17(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

How is moderate drizzle identified?

A

Visibility from more than 1/4 statute mile to 1/2 statute mile

AIM 7-1-17(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

How is heavy drizzle identified?

A

Visibility 1/4 statute mile or less

AIM 7-1-17(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

How is light snow identified?

A

Visibility more than 1/2 statute mile

AIM 7-1-17(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

How is moderate snow identified?

A

Visibility from more than 1/4 statute mile to 1/2 statute mile

AIM 7-1-17(b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

How is heavy snow identified?

A

Visibility 1/4 statute mile or less

AIM 7-1-17(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

When is ATC requried to solicit PIREPs?

A

Ceilings at or below 5,000 feet
Visibility at or below 5 miles (surface or aloft)
Thunderstorms and related phenomena
Light icing or greater
Moderate turbulence or greater
Wind shear
Volcanic ash clouds

AIM 7-1-18(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Who can pilots give PIREPs to?

A

FSS
ARTCC
Terminal ATC

AIM 7-1-18(c)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

It takes ____ inch of ice to reduce the lifting power of some aircraft by ____ percent and increases the frictional drag by an equal percentage

A

1/2 inch
50%

AIM 7-1-19(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

When can a pilot expect icing?

A

Visibile precipitation
Temperature is between +02 and -10 degrees Celsius

AIM 7-1-19(b)

99
Q

What is trace icing?

A

Ice becomes noticeable

AIM 7-1-19(b)(1)

100
Q

What is the accumulation rate of trace icing?

A

Less than 1/4 inch per hour on the outer wing

AIM 7-1-19(b)(1)

101
Q

What is light icing?

A

The rate of ice accumulation requires occasional cycling of manual deicing systems to minimize ice accretions on the airframe

AIM 7-1-19(b)(2)

102
Q

What is the accumulation rate of light icing?

A

1/4 inch to 1 inch per hour on the unprotected part of the outer wing

AIM 7-1-19(b)(2)

103
Q

What is moderate icing?

A

The rate of ice accumulation requries frequent cycling of manual deicing systems to minimize ice accretions on the airframe

AIM 7-1-19(b)(3)

104
Q

What is the accumulation rate of moderate icing?

A

1 to 3 inches per hour on the unprotected part of the outer wing

AIM 7-1-19(b)(3)

105
Q

What is severe icing?

A

The rate of ice accumulation is such that ice protection systems fail to remove the accumulation of ice and ice accumulations in locations not normally prone to icing, such as areas aft of protected surfaces
Immediate exit is required

AIM 7-1-19(b)(4)

106
Q

What is the accumulation rate of severe icing?

A

More than 3 inches per hour
Immediate exit is required

AIM 7-1-19(b)(4)

107
Q

What is rime ice?

A

Rough, milky, opaque ice formed by the instantaneous freezing of small supercooled water droplets

Table 7-1-9

108
Q

What is mixed ice?

A

Simultaneous apprearance or a combination of rime and glaze ice

Table 7-1-9

109
Q

What is clear ice?

A

A glossy, clear, or translucent ice formed by the relatively slow freezing of large supercooled water droplets

Table 7-1-9

110
Q

What is intercycle ice?

A

Ice which accumulates on a protected surface between actuation cycles of a deicing system

Table 7-1-9

111
Q

What is residual ice?

A

Ice which remains on a protected surface immediately after the actuation of a deicing system

Table 7-1-9

112
Q

What is runback ice?

A

Ice which forms from the freezing or refreezing of water leaving protected surfaces and running back to unprotected surfaces

Table 7-1-9

113
Q

What is the aircraft reaction to light turbulence?

A

Momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude

Table 7-1-11

114
Q

What is the aircraft reaction to light chop?

A

Slight, rapid, and somewhat rhythmic bumpiness without appreciable changes in altitude or attitude

Table 7-1-11

115
Q

What is the reaction inside the aircraft to light turbulence or light chop?

A

Occupants may feel a slight strain against seat belts or shoulders straps
Unsecured objects may be displaced slightly

Table 7-1-11

116
Q

What is the aircraft reaction to moderate turbulence?

A

Similar to light turbulence but of greater intensity
Changes in altitude and/or attitude occur but the aircraft remains in positive control at all times. It usually causes variations in indicated airspeed

Table 7-1-11

117
Q

What is the aircraft reaction to moderate chop?

A

Similar to light chop but of greater intensity.
Rapid bumps or jolts without appreciable changes in aircraft altitude or attitude

Table 7-1-11

118
Q

What is the reaction inside the aircraft to moderate turbulence or moderate chop?

A

Occupants feel definite strains against seat belts or sholder straps
Unsecured objects are dislodged

Table 7-1-11

119
Q

What is the aircraft reaction to severe turbulence?

A

Large, abrupt changes in altitude and/or attitude. It usually causes large variations in indicated airspeed
Aircraft may be momentarily out of control

Table 7-1-11

120
Q

What is the reaction inside the aircraft?

A

Occupants are forced violently against seat belts or shoulder straps
Unsecured objects are tossed about

Table 7-1-11

121
Q

What is the aircraft reaction to extreme turbulence?

A

The aircraft is violently tossed about an is practically impossible to control
May cuase structural damage

Table 7-1-11

122
Q

What is occasional turbulence?

A

Less than 1/3 of the time

Table 7-1-11

123
Q

What is intermittent turbulence?

A

1/3 to 2/3 of the time

Table 7-1-11

124
Q

What is continuous turbulence?

A

More than 2/3 of the time

Table 7-1-11

125
Q

How should a pilot report windshear to ATC?

A

State the loss or gain of airspeed and the altitudes at which it was encountered

AIM 7-1-22(b)

126
Q

Clear Air Turbulence is an escepcially serious operational factor to flight operations above what altitude?

A

15,000ft

AIM 7-1-23

127
Q

What is a microburst?

A

Small scale intense downdrafts which, on reaching the surface, spread outward in all directions

AIM 7-1-24(a)

128
Q

How long does a microburst intensidy for after reaching the ground?

A

5 minutes

AIM 7-1-24(c)

129
Q

How wide is a microburst?

A

1 mile in diameter

AIM 7-1-24(d)(1)

130
Q

How wide is the transition zone of a microburst downdraft near the ground?

A

2 1/2 miles

AIM 7-1-24(d)(1)

131
Q

How strong can the downdrafts be in a microburst?

A

6000 fpm

AIM 7-1-24(d)(2)

132
Q

How strong can horizontal winds near a microburst at the surface be?

A

45 knots

AIM 7-1-24(d)(2)

133
Q

How long can a microburst last?

A

15 minutes

AIM 7-1-24(d)(4)

134
Q

How long will the maximum intensity winds last in a microburst?

A

2-4 minutes

AIM 7-1-24(d)(4)

135
Q

Where do microbursts commonly occur?

A

Within the heavy rain portion of thunderstorms and in much weaker benign appearing convective cells that have little or no precipitation reaching the ground

AIM 7-1-24(d)(3)

136
Q

What does LLWAS stand for?

A

Low Level Wind Shear Alert System

AIM 7-1-24(f)(2)

137
Q

What is the most abundant gas found in volcanic eruptions?

A

Sulpher dioxide (SO2)

AIM 7-1-25(a)

138
Q

What does sulphur dioxide smell like?

A

Rotten eggs

AIM 7-1-25(a)

139
Q

How far can severe turbulence be expected from a severe thunderstorm?

A

Up to 20 miles

AIM 7-1-26(b)

140
Q

How far can severe turbulence be expected from less severe thunderstorms?

A

10 miles

AIM 7-1-26(b)

141
Q

Is flight between two radar echoes recommended?

A

No!

AIM 7-1-26(c)

142
Q

No flight path through an area of strong or very strong radar echoes separated by ___ to ___ miles or less may be considered free of severe turbulence

A

20 to 30 miles

AIM 7-1-26(c)

143
Q

At what temperatures does the probability of lighting strikes the greatest?

A

-5 degrees to +5 degrees Celsius

AIM 7-1-26(e)

144
Q

Should you fly under the anvil of a thunderstorm?

A

No!

AIM 7-1-27(a)(3)

145
Q

Can NEXRAD be used for tacticle thunderstorm avoidance?

A

No
Weather conditions displayed may be 15 to 20 minutes older and current conditions

AIM 7-1-26(a)(8)

146
Q

How far should you avoid a thunderstorm?

A

20 miles

AIM 7-1-27(a)(14)

147
Q

What should you try to maintain if you fly into a thunderstorm?

A

A constant attitude

AIM 7-1-27(c)(2)

148
Q

Should you try to turn around if you enter a thunderstorm?

A

No
Fly a straight course through the storm

AIM 7-1-27(c)(4)

149
Q

What is a METAR?

A

Aviation Routine Weather Report

AIM 7-1-29 (b)(1)(a)

150
Q

What is a SPECI?

A

Nonroutine (Special) Aviation Weather Report

AIM. 7-1-29 (b)(1)(b)

151
Q

What does COR mean in a METAR?

A

The report was corrected

AIM 7-1-29 (b)(4)

152
Q

How will the wind be coded in a METAR if the wind speed is over 99 knots?

A

Six digits
First three will be degrees, next three will be wind speed

AIM 7-1-29(b)(5)

153
Q

When will “V” be coded in the METAR wind group?

A

If the wind direction is variable by 60 degrees or more and the speed is greater than 6 knots

AIM 7-1-29

154
Q

When will “VRB” be in the METAR wind group?

A

If the wind direction is variable by 60 degrees or more and the speed is equal to or less than 6 knots

AIM 7-1-29

155
Q

Are winds reported as magnetic or true?

A

TRUE

If written they’re true, when spoken they’re magnetic

AIM 7-1-29(b)(5)

156
Q

When will peak wind be reported?

A

When the peak wind exceeds 25 knots

AIM 7-1-29(b)(5)(a)

157
Q

Can an AWOS show visibility less than 1/4 SM?

A

No

Coded as M1/2SM

AIM 7-1-29(b)(6)(b)

158
Q

When will variable visibility be reported?

A

When there is a rapid increase or decrease by 1/2 SM or more and the average prevailing visibility is less than 3SM

AIM 7-1-29(b)(6)(c)

159
Q

When will sector visibility be reported?

A

Coded in the remarks when it differs from the prevailing visibility and either the prevailing or sector visibility is less than 3SM

AIM 7-1-29(b)(6)(d)

160
Q

What is the distance of VC (vicinity)?

A

Between 5 and 10 miles

AIM 7-1-29(b)(12)

161
Q

What is the distance of DSNT (distant)?

A

Beyond 10 but less than 30 miles

AIM 7-1-29(b)(12)

162
Q

What does “TS” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Thunderstorm

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

163
Q

What does “DR” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Low drifting

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

164
Q

What does “SH” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Showers

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

165
Q

What does “MI” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Shallow

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

166
Q

What does “FZ” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Freezing

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

167
Q

What does “BC” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Patches

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

168
Q

What does “BL” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Blowing

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

169
Q

What does “PR” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Partial

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(c)

Descriptor

170
Q

What is “+TSRA” mean in a METAR?

A

Thunderstorm with heavy rain

171
Q

What does “RA” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Rain

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

172
Q

What does “DZ” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Drizzle

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

173
Q

What does “GR” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Hail
(diameter of 1/4” or greater)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

174
Q

What does “GS” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Small hail
Snow pellets

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

175
Q

What does “PL” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Ice pellets

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

176
Q

What does “SG” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Snow grains

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

177
Q

What does “IC” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Ice Crystals
(diamond dust)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

178
Q

What does “UP” mean?

METAR

A

Unknown Precipitation
(automated stations only)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(d)

Precipitation

179
Q

What does “FG” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Fog
(visibility less than 5/8 mile)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

180
Q

What does “HZ” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Haze

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

181
Q

What does “FU” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Smoke

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

182
Q

What does “PY” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Spray

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

183
Q

What does “BR” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Mist
(visibility 5/8 - 6 miles)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

184
Q

What does “SA” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Sand

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

185
Q

What does “DU” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Dust

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

186
Q

What does “VA” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Volcanic Ash

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(e)

Obstruction to Visibility

187
Q

What does “SQ” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Squall

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(f)

Other

188
Q

What does “SS” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Sandstorm

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(f)

Other

189
Q

What does “DS” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Duststorm

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(f)

Other

190
Q

What does “PO” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Dust/sand whirls

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(f)

Other

191
Q

What does “FC” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Funnel Cloud

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(f)

Other

192
Q

What does “+FC” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Tornado/Waterspout

AIM 7-1-29(b)(8)(f)

Other

193
Q

How much of the sky does FEW obscure?

A

> 0 to 2/8

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(a)

194
Q

How much of the sky does SCT obscure?

A

3/4 to 4/8

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(a)

195
Q

How much of the sky does BKN obscure?

A

5/8 to 7/8

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(a)

196
Q

How much of the sky does OVC obscure?

A

8/8

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(a)

197
Q

What does “CB” mean?

METAR/TAF

A

Cumulonimbus
(when present)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(a)

Sky Condition

198
Q

What does “TCU” mean?

METAR

A

Towering cumulus
(when present)

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(a)

Sky Condition

199
Q

When will “SKC” be reported?

METAR

A

Sky clear at manual stations

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9) Note 1

200
Q

When will “CLR” be reported?

A

No clouds below 12,000ft at automated stations

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9) Note 1

201
Q

When will variable ceiling be reported?

A

When the ceiling is below 3,000 feet and is variable

AIM 7-1-10(b)(9)(g)

202
Q

What does “CBMAM” mean?

METAR

A

Cumulonimbus Mammatus

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(j)(1)

203
Q

What does “ACC” mean?

METAR

A

Altocumuls Castellanus

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(j)(3)

204
Q

What does “SCSL” mean?

METAR

A

Stratocumulus Standing Lenticular

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(j)(3)

205
Q

What does “ACSL” mean?

METAR

A

Altocumulus Standing Lenticular

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(j)(3)

206
Q

What does “CCSL” mean?

METAR

A

Cirrocumulus Standing Lenticular

AIM 7-1-29(b)(9)(j)(3)

207
Q

What unit of distance is lighting reported in?

A

Nautical Miles

208
Q

What does TAF stand for?

A

Aerodrome Forecast

AIM 7-1-29(c)

209
Q

How long is a TAF valid?

A

24 hours
30 hours at select airports

AIM 7-1-29(c)

210
Q

When will calm wind be reported in a METAR or TAF?

A

3 knots or less

AIM 7-1-29

211
Q

What is the highest visibility forecasted in a TAF?

A

6SM
(P6SM)

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)(b)

212
Q

Will “CLR” ever be reported in a TAF?

A

No, only SKC will be used

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)(d)

213
Q

What does the PROB group mean?

TAF

A

The probability or chance of thunderstorms or other precipitation events occurin, along with associated weather conditions

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)d)

214
Q

What does PROB30 mean?

TAF

A

The probability of the occurrence of thunderstorms or precipitation is 30-39%

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)d)

215
Q

What does the FM group mean?

TAF

A

Used when a rapid change, usually occuring in less than one hour, in previaling conditions is expected

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)(e)(1)

216
Q

What does the BECMG group mean?

TAF

A

Used when a gradual change in conditions is expected over a longer time period, usually 2 hours

NWS does not use the BECMG group

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)(e)(2)

217
Q

What does the TEMPO group?

TAF

A

Used for any conditions in wind, visibility, weather, or sky condition which are expected to last for generally less than an hour at a time, and are expected to occur during less than half the time period

AIM 7-1-29(c)(5)(e)(3)

218
Q

Under what part are aircraft certified for flight in icing conditions?

A

14 CFR Part 25 or Part 29 Appendix C

219
Q

What is drizzle?

A

Precipitation at the ground or aloft that in form of liquid water drops with diameters less than 0.5mm an greater than 0.05mm

220
Q

What is rain?

A

Water droplets greater than 0.5mm in diameter

221
Q

How big are cloud droplets?

A

Less than 0.05mm in diameter

222
Q

Prrrr
P group

METAR Remarks

A

Hourly Precipitation Amount

223
Q

P0000

METAR Remark

A

Trace Precipitation

224
Q

6RRRR
6 group

METAR Remarks

A

3- and 6- hourly preciptation

225
Q

60000

METAR Remarks

A

Trace Precipitation

226
Q

7RRRR
7 group

METAR Remarks

A

24-hour precipitation
In the 1200 UTC report

227
Q

4/sss
4/ group

METAR Remarks

A

Snow Depth on Ground

228
Q

933RRR
933 group

METAR Remarks

A

Water Equivalent of Snow on Ground

229
Q

98mmm
98 group

METAR Remarks

A

Duration of Sunshine

230
Q

TsTTTsTTT
T group

METAR Remarks

A

Hourly Temperature and Dew Point

231
Q

1sTTT
1 group

METAR Remarks

A

6-Hourly Maximum Temperature

232
Q

2sTTT
2 group

METAR Remarks

A

6-Hourly Minimum Temperature

233
Q

4sTTTsTTT
4 group

METAR Remarks

A

24-hour Maximum and Minimum Temperature

234
Q

5appp
5 group

METAR Remarks

A

3-Hourly Pressure Tendency

235
Q

What does “RVRNO” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Runway Visual Range is missing

236
Q

What does “PWINO” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Present weather identifier is not operating

237
Q

What does “PNO” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Tipping bucket rain gauge is not operating

238
Q

What does “FZRANO” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Freezing rain sensor is not operating

239
Q

What does “TSNO” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Lightning detection system is not operating

240
Q

What does “VISNO_LOC” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Secondary visibility sensor is not operating

241
Q

What does “CHINO_LOC” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Secondary ceiling height indicator is not operating

242
Q

What does “$” mean?

METAR Remarks

A

Maintenance is needed on the system

243
Q
A

the Sierra Corporations Annual Newsletter (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions