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the Sierra Corporations Annual Newsletter > AIM Chapter 6 Emergency Procedures > Flashcards

AIM Chapter 6 Emergency Procedures Flashcards

Emergency Procedures

1
Q

In the case of emergencies, distress is defined as?

A

A condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and of requiring immediate assistance.

Pilot/Controller Glossary

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2
Q

In the case of emergencies, urgency is defined as?

A

A condition of being concerned about safety and of requiring timely but not immediate assistance; a potential distress condition.

Pilot/Controller Glossary

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3
Q

If a pilot devaites from the provisions of an ATC clearance, when must the PIC notify ATC?

A

As soon as possible and obtain an amended clearance

AIM 6-1-1(b)

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4
Q

An aircraft is in at least an urgency condition when?

A

The moment the pilot becomes doubtful about position, fuel endurance, weather, or any other condition that could adversely affect flight safety

AIM 6-1-2(a)

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5
Q

What should a pilot do if they become apprehenisve for their safety?

A

Request assistance immediately

AIM 6-1-2(b)

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6
Q

When a distress or urgency condition is encountered, the pilot of an aircraft with a coded radar beacon transponder, who desires to alert a ground radar facility should do what?

A

Squawk 7700 (emergency) and immediately establish communications with the ATC facility

AIM 6-2-2(a)

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7
Q

What is airborne intercept and escort?

A

Search and Rescue (SAR) aircraft establishes visual and/or electronic contact with an aircraft in difficulty, provides in-flight assistance, and escorts it to a safe landing

AIM 6-2-3(a)

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8
Q

What frequencies can ELTs operate on?

A

121.5 MHz
243.0 MHz
406 MHz (digital)

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)

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9
Q

What are some benefits of a 406 MHz ELT?

A
  • Can be encoded with the owner’s contact information or aircraft data
  • Can be encoded with the aircraft’s position data
  • Trasmits a stronger signal when activated

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)

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10
Q

Are 406 MHz ELTs required to be registered? If so, with whom?

A

Yes with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(a)

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11
Q

When did the Cospas-Sarsat system terminate monitoring and reception of the 121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz frequencies?

A

2009

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(b)

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12
Q

Pilots with a 121.5 MHz or 243.0 MHz ELT will have to depend on whom to receive an alert signal?

A

A nearby ATC facility or an overflying aircraft monitoring 121.5 MHz or 243.0 MHz

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(b)

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13
Q

ELTs will operate continuously for once activated?

A

48 hours

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(e)

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14
Q

What is the SAR forces’ normal practice when there is an alert from a 121.5/243.0 MHz ELT?

A

Wait for confirmation of an overdue aircraft or similar notification

AIM 6-2-4(a)(2)(g)

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15
Q

How should an ELT be tested?

A

In accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions

Preferable in a shielded or screeneed room or specially designed test container

AIM 6-2-4(b)(1)

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16
Q

How should analog ELTs be tested if unable to comply with manufacturer instructions?

A

During the first 5 minutes after any hour. Tests should be no longer than 3 audible sweeps
If tests need to be made outside this time, it should be coordinated with the nearest FAA control tower or FSS

AIM 6-2-4(b)(2)(a)

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17
Q

Can an ELT be tested while airborne?

A

No

AIM 6-2-4(b)(2)(c)

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18
Q

What should be included in a report of a possible emergency ELT transmission?

A

1) Your position at the time the signal was first heard.
2) Your position at the time the signal was last heard.
3) Your position at maximum signal strength.
4) Your flight altitudes and frequency on which the signal was heard. If possible, positions should be given relative to a navigation aid. If the aircraft has homing equipment, provide the bearing to the emergency signal with each reported position

AIM 6-2-4(d)(1)

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19
Q

The life expectancy of an injured survivor decreases as much as ____ during the first ____ hours, while the chances of survival of uninjured survivors rapidly diminishes after the first ____ days.

A

The life expectancy of an injured survivor decreases as much as 80% during the first 24 hours, while the chances of survival of uninjured survivors rapidly diminishes after the first 3 days.

AIM 6-2-6(f)(3)

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20
Q

For what things should a pilot notify an FSS for if they filed a VFR or DVFR flight plan?

A
  1. If you land at a location other than your original destination (report your landing and advise them of your original destination)
  2. If you land enroute and are delayed more than 30 min (report this info and give them your original destination)
  3. If your ETE changes by 30 min or more, report a new ETA to the newest FSS (and give them your original destination)

AIM 6-2-6(g)

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21
Q

When will an FSS initiate search and rescue procedures?

A

30 min after your ETA

AIM 6-2-6(g)(1)

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22
Q

If a pilot on a VFR flight plan lands at a location other than their intended destination, who do they need to report it to?

A

The nearest FAA FSS and advise them of their original destination

6-2-6(g)(2)

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23
Q

A pilot will need to provide an updated ETA to the nearest FSS if they are delayed by more than how long?

A

30 minutes

AIM 6-2-6(g)(4)

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24
Q

Who is responsible for closing a VFR or DVFR flight plan?

A

The pilot

AIM 6-2-6(g)(5)

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25
Q

What should a downed pilot keep in mind when using body signals?

A
  1. Stand in the open
  2. Be sure the background, as seen from the air, is not confusing
  3. Go through the mostions slowly and repeat each signal until positive that the pilot circling understands

AIM 6-2-6(i)

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26
Q

What does a yellow cross by a crash site mean?

A

The crash has already been reported and identified.

AIM 6-2-6(j)(1)

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27
Q

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

A

Require assistance

Figure 6-2-1

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28
Q

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

A

Require medical assistance

Figure 6-2-1

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29
Q

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

A

No or Negative

Figure 6-2-1

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30
Q

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

A

Yes or Affirmative

Figure 6-2-1

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31
Q

Ground-Air visual code for use by survivors

A

Proceeding in this direction

Figure 6-2-1

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32
Q

When in doubt, what symbol should survivors use?

A

SOS

Figure 6-2-1

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33
Q

What is the minimum height for ground-air visual code for use by survivors?

A

10 feet or higher

Figure 6-2-1

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34
Q

How should a pilot acknowledge a ground-air visual code from survivors?

A

Rocking wings from side to side

Figure 6-2-1

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35
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

Operation completed

Figure 6-2-2

36
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

We have found all personnel

Figure 6-2-2

37
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

We have found only some personnel

Figure 6-2-2

38
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

We are not able to continue. Returning to base.

Figure 6-2-2

39
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

Have divided into two groups. Each proceeding in direction indicated

Figure 6-2-2

40
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

Information received that aircraft is in this direction

Figure 6-2-2

41
Q

Ground-air visual code for use by ground search parties

A

Nothing found. Will continue search.

Figure 6-2-2

42
Q

Laying flat with arms above head

A

Need medical assistance - Urgent
Used only when life is at stake

Figure 6-2-3

43
Q

Waving one arm overhead

A

All ok do not wait

Figure 6-2-4

44
Q

One arm horizontal

A

Short delay

Can proceed shortly, wait if practicable

Figure 6-2-5

45
Q

Both arms horizontal

A

Long delay

Need mechanical help or parts

Figure 6-2-6

46
Q

Make throwing motion

A

Drop message

Figure 6-2-7

47
Q

Cups hands over ears

A

Our receiver is operating

Figure 6-2-8

48
Q

Both arms waved across face

A

Do not attempt to land here

Figure 6-2-9

49
Q

Both arms forward horizontallly, squatting, and point in direction of landing, repeat.

A

Land Here

Figure 6-2-10

50
Q

White cloth waved horizontally

A

Negative (ground)

Negative (no)

Figure 6-2-11

51
Q

White cloth waves vertically

A

Affirmative (ground)

Affirmative (yes)

Figure 6-2-12

52
Q

Both arms vertical

A

Pick us up plane abandoned

Figure 6-2-13

53
Q

Affirmative reply from aircraft

A

Dip nose of plane several times

Figure 6-2-14

54
Q

Negative reply from aircraft

A

Fishtail plane

Figure 6-2-15

55
Q

Signal for “message received and understood”(aircraft)

A

Day or moonlight-rocking wings
Night-green flashed from signal lamp

Figure 6-2-16

56
Q

Message received and not understood (aircraft)

A

Day or moonlight-making a complete right hand circle
Night-red flashes from a signal lamp

Figure 6-2-17

57
Q

Aircraft in distress should begin radio transmission with?

A

MAYDAY x3

AIM 6-3-1(c)

58
Q

Aircraft in an urgency condition should begin radio transmission with?

A

PAN-PAN x3

AIM 6-3-1(c)

59
Q

Emergency frequencies for distress and urgency communications?

A

121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz

AIM 6-3-1

60
Q

Does emergency frequency (121.5) capability extend to the radar coverage limits of an ARTCC?

A

Normally no, If an ARTCC does not respond when called on 121.5 or 243.0, call the nearest tower or FSS.

AIM 6-3-1

61
Q

What is the proper procedure for ditching an aircraft?

A

On the crest of the swell if parallel
On the backside of the swell if perpendicular
Into the wind where possible

Figure 6-3-5

62
Q

A successful aircraft ditching is dependent on three primary factors. In order of importance they are:

A
  1. Sea conditions and wind
  2. Type of aircraft
  3. Skill and technique of the pilot

AIM 6-3-3(a)

63
Q

What is the swell face?

A

The side of the swell toward the observer regardless of the direction of swell movement

AIM 6-3-3(b)(4)

64
Q

What is the primary swell?

A

The swell system having the greatest height from trough to crest

AIM 6-3-3(b)(5)

65
Q

What is the secondary swell?

A

Those swell systems of less height than the primary swell

AIM 6-3-3(b)(6)

66
Q

What is the fetch?

A

The distance the waves have been driven by a wind blowing in a constant direction without obstruction

AIM 6-3-3(b)(7)

67
Q

What is the swell period?

A

The time interval between the passage of two successive crests at the same spot in the water, measured in seconds

AIM 6-3-3(b)(8)

68
Q

What is the swell velocity?

A

The speed and direction of the swell with relation to a fixed reference point, measured in knots

AIM 6-3-3(b)(9)

69
Q

What is the swell direction?

A

The direction from which a swell is moving. This direction is not necessarily the result of the wind present at the scene. The swell may be moving into or across the local wind. Swells, once set in motion, tend to maintain their original direction for as long as they continue in deep water, regardless of changes in wind direction

AIM 6-3-3(b)(10)

70
Q

What is the typical swell height?

A

Teh vast majority of ocean swells are lower than 12 to 15 feet, and swells over 25 feet are not common. Successive swells may differ considerably in height

AIM 6-3-3(b)(11)

71
Q

What is the most important axiom to remember when ditching?

A

Avoid the face of the swell

AIM 6-3-3(c)

72
Q

When ditching, where should the pilot attempt to land when parallel to the swell?

A

On the top or backside of the swell

AIM 6-3-3(c)(1)

73
Q

If there are two swell systems present and one is larger than the other, what is the proper ditching procedure?

A

Land parallel to the primary system and on the down swell of the secondary system on the back side of the swell

AIM 6-3-3(c)(2)

74
Q

If there are two swell systems present and both are of equal height, what is the proper ditching procedure?

A

Select an interbediate heading at 45 degrees down swell swell to both systems and attempt to touch down on the back side

AIM 6-3-3(c)(2)

75
Q

If a swell system is formidable, what is considered avisable to landplanes?

A

Accept more of a crosswind in order to avoid landing directly into the swell

AIM 6-3-3(c)(3)

76
Q

What is the ideal touchdown area in the sea?

A

An area where shadows and whitecaps are not so numerous

AIM 6-3-3(d)(2)

77
Q

What speed should a pilot touchdown when ditiching?

A

The lowest speed and rate of descent which permite safe handling and optimum nose up attitude on impact

AIM 6-3-3(d)(3)

78
Q

What transponder code should be used in the event of a hijacking?

A

7500

AIM 6-3-4

79
Q

When will ATC broadcast fuel dumping?

A

Immediately and every 3 minutes thereafter

AIM 6-3-5

80
Q

What transponder code should be used in the event of a two-way communications failure?

A

7600

AIM 6-4-2(a)

81
Q

What does ARFF stand for?

A

Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting

AIM 6-5-1

82
Q

What is the preferred radio callsign of an ARFF on field?

A

_______(location) Command.
Ex. “Washington Command”

AIM 6-5-2

83
Q

ARFF hand signal for recommended evacuation

A

Arm extended from body, and held horizontal with hand upraised at eye level. Execute beckoning arm motion angled backward. Nonbeckoning arm held again body

Figure 6-5-1
84
Q

ARFF hand signal for recommeded stop

A

Arms in front of head - crossed at wrists

Figure 6-5-2
85
Q

ARFF hand signal for emergency contained

A

Arms extended outward and down at a 45 degree angle. Arms moved inward below waistline simultaneously until wrists crossed, then extended outward to starting position

Figure 6-5-3

the Sierra Corporations Annual Newsletter (33 decks)

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