Acute Pancreatitis Flashcards
1
Q
what is it
A
inflammation of pancreas on the back of previously normal one
may return to normal
2
Q
the increased activation of digestive enzymes in pancreatitis can cause what
A
necrosis
3
Q
gallstone obstruction of the pancreatic duct leads to what
A
ductal hypertension
4
Q
what is causes
A
gallstones (95%), genetics ethanol (bevvy) trauma, tumours scorpion stings, spider bites mumps and malignancy autoimmunity steroids hyperlipidaemia & calcaemia ERCP drugs (steroids, oestrogens)
5
Q
what are symptoms
A
epigastric pain -> back fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite tachycardia hypotension decreased bowel sounds if ileus grey turners sign (flank bruising) cullens sign (periumbilical bruising)
6
Q
how is it diagnosed
A
increased serum amylase release of lytic pancreatic enzymes proteases and lipases FBC, U&Es, ABGs and LFTs erect CXR/AXR sentinel loop or PE US to identify stones glasgow prognostic score (>/= is severe)
7
Q
what do the lipases released cause
A
intra and peripancreatic fat necrosis
8
Q
what do proteases released cause
A
tissue destruction and haemorrhage
9
Q
how is it treated
A
analgesia and IV fluids
NJ feeding
ERCP if stones
drainage of pseudocyst/abscess
10
Q
what are complications
A
pseudocyst (fluid collection) abscess pleural effusion ARDS renal/organ failure necrosis chronic pancreatitis
