a1.2- nucleic acids Flashcards
1
Q
dna
A
genetic materials for all living organisms
2
Q
genetic code
A
universal and shared amongst all living organisms studied
3
Q
what does a nucleotide consist of
A
- phosphate group
- deoxyribose
- nitrogenous base
4
Q
features of phosphate group
A
- acidic
- negatively charged
5
Q
location + bond of nitrogenous base
A
- protected by double helix
- join 2 strands by hydrogen bonds
6
Q
what is each strand of dna made of
A
nucleotides
7
Q
how is double helix formed
A
- 2 anti-parallel complementary strands
- hydrogen bond holds adjacent sections together based on complementary bases
8
Q
why cant bindings by gt or ac
A
different lengths so wont form chemical bonds
9
Q
length of purines compared to pyrimidines
A
longer
10
Q
phosphodiester bonds
A
- between sugar and phosphate
- forms the sugar-phosphate backbone
11
Q
what is the genetic code made up of
A
sequence of bases
12
Q
why is the nitrogenous bases on the inside
A
very reactive
- might react and break the double helix structure
13
Q
y is complementary base pairing important
A
- acts as a self check mechanism
- ensures mistakes are not made when copying or transcribing dna
14
Q
y is the use of dna good [2]
A
- economical
- space: strorage is limitless
> can keep adding nucleotides
- materials used - high diversity of dna sequence
- can use atgc in nay order
15
Q
structure of eukaryotes dna
A
dna wraps twice around each nucleosome before moving onto the next one
