8.1 Transport Systems In Multicellular Animals

Question 1

Transport system

Answer 1

Organ system allowing supply of oxygen and nutrients to necessary sites

Question 2

Liquid transport medium

Answer 2

Blood, circulates around body serving multiple purposes including transport of gases

Question 3

Circulatory system

Answer 3

Included liquid transport medium, vessels to transport it, and pumping mechanism

Question 4

Mass transport system

Answer 4

When Substances are transported in a mass of fluid within a mechanism moving the fluid around.

Question 5

Open circulatory system

Answer 5

Few vessels containing the transport medium. Pumped from heart into body cavity (haemocoel). Found in invertebrates. Insect blood is called haemolymph. Doesn’t carry O²/CO². Steep diffusion gradients cannot be maintained

Question 6

Closed circulatory system

Answer 6

Blood enclosed in vessels. No direct contact with cells in body. Found in many different animal phyla ranging from earthworms to mammals

Question 7

Single closed circulatory system

Answer 7

Blood flows through heart once every cycle. Blood passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning. Blood returns to heart slowly due to this. Countercurrent exchange system nullifies this effect in fish.

Question 8

Double closed circulatory systems

Answer 8

Found in birds and most mammals. Two circuits: deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs & unloads CO². Oxygenated blood to rest of body. Runs through heart twice each cycle. High pressure & fast blood flow