3.3 Carbohydrates

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Molecules that only contain the element carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

Monosaccharide

Answer 2

Single sugar (carbohydrate) unit

Question 3

Polysaccharide

Answer 3

When multiple monosaccharides are linked. E.g. glycogen, cellulose & starch

Question 4

Glucose

Answer 4

Monosaccharide composed of 6 carbons

Question 5

Condensation reaction

Answer 5

When 2 alpha glucose molecules are side by side, two hydroxyl groups react. Breaks old bonds and creates new ones in different places, producing new molecules

Question 6

Glycosidic bond

Answer 6

Covalent bond between two glucose molecules

Question 7

Lactose

Answer 7

Disaccharide formed from galactose and glucose

Question 8

Ribose

Answer 8

Sugar present in RNA nucleotides

Question 9

Deoxyribose

Answer 9

Sugar present in DNA nucleotides

Question 10

Starch

Answer 10

Many alpha glucose molecules joined by glycosidic bonds to form two slightly different polysaccharides

Question 11

Amylopectin

Answer 11

Starch polysaccharide.

Question 12

Glycogen

Answer 12

Energy storage molecule to starch in animals and fungi

Question 13

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 13

Allows release of glucose for respiration. Requires addition of water molecules