3.10 Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Transcription

Answer 1

Base sequence of genes are copied and transported to the ribosome.

Question 2

Sense strand

Answer 2

Strand of DNA that contains code for the protein to be synthesised

Question 3

Antisense strand

Answer 3

Acts as a template strand during transcription, so the complementary RNA strand carries the same base sequence as the sense strand

Question 4

Template strand

Answer 4

Strand that is transcribed to form the mRNA molecule

Question 5

RNA polymerase

Answer 5

Allows phosphodiester bonds to form between RNA nucleotides

Question 6

mRNA

Answer 6

Product of transcription, short strand of RNA

Question 7

Nuclear pore

Answer 7

Aperture in nucleus allowing mRNA to exit the nucleus

Question 8

rRNA

Answer 8

Maintains structural stability of protein synthesis sequence. Plays role in catalysing the reaction

Question 9

Translation

Answer 9

mRNA binds to specific site on small subunit of ribosome. Holds in place while being decoded into sequence of amino acids

Question 10

tRNA

Answer 10

Necessary for translation of mRNA. Composed of RNA strand called the anticodon. tRNA molecules carry amino acid corresponding to that codon

Question 11

Anticodon

Answer 11

Binds to complementary codon on mRNA following the normal base pairing rules.