8 Female Reproduction Pathology

Question 1

carcinoma of the cervix

Answer 1

malignant cells withing the cervix, HPV most important cause

Question 2

carcinoma of the endometrium

Answer 2

malignant tumor of the uterus

Question 3

endometriosis

Answer 3

endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus

Question 4

fibroid

Answer 4

benign tumors in the uterus (leiomyomas -smooth muscle tumor)

Question 5

ovarian carcinoma

Answer 5

malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma),

BRCA1 BRCA2 more likely for ovarian and breast cancer

Question 6

ovarian cysts

Answer 6

collections of fluid within a sac (cyst) in the ovary

Question 7

Pelvic inflammatory disease PID

Answer 7

inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic regions; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis

Question 8

breast cancer

Answer 8

malignant tumor of the breast arising from milk glands and ducts BRCA1 BRCA2

Question 9

fibrocystic disease

Answer 9

numerous small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast

Question 10

abruptio placentae

Answer 10

premature seperation of the implanted placenta, caused by trauma

Question 11

choriocarcinoma

Answer 11

malignant tumor of the placenta

Question 12

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 12

implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location

Question 13

multiple gestation

Answer 13

more than one fetus inside the uterus

Question 14

placenta previa

Answer 14

implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus

Question 15

preeclampsia

Answer 15

abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and HA

Question 16

down syndrome

Answer 16

chromosomal abnormality (trisonomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarded growth, a flat face with short nose, low-set ears, and slanted eyes

Question 17

erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 17

hemolytic disease in the newborn (HND) caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus

Question 18

hyaline membrane disease

Answer 18

acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn also called respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

Question 19

hydrocephalus

Answer 19

accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain

Question 20

meconium aspiration syndrome

Answer 20

abnormal inhalation of meconium (first stool) produced by a fetus or newborn

Question 21

pyloric stenosis

Answer 21

narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum

Question 22

pap test

Answer 22

microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix

Question 23

prego test

Answer 23

look for presence of hCG human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 24

hysterosalpingography

Answer 24

x-ray imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast

Question 25

aspiration

Answer 25

withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction

Question 26

colposcopy

Answer 26

visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope

Question 27

conization

Answer 27

removal of a cone shaped section of the cervix for biopsy

Question 28

culdocentesis

Answer 28

needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac

Question 29

dilation and curretage (D&C)

Answer 29

widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus

Question 30

exenteration

Answer 30

removal of internal organs within a cavity

Question 31

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Answer 31

sampling of the placenta for prenatal diagnosis

Question 32

IVF

Answer 32

in vitro fertilization, egg and sperm combined outside of the body

Question 33

FHR

Answer 33

fetal heart rate

Question 34

FSH

Answer 34

follicle-stimulating hormone

Question 35

LH

Answer 35

luteinizing hormone

Question 36

PMS

Answer 36

premenstrual syndrome