14 Lymphatic and Immune System vocab Flashcards
acquired immunity
antibodies produced after infection, vaccination, antitoxins, immunoglobulins, maternal antibodies, T and B cells
adenoids
mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
antibody
protein produced by B cell lymphocyte to destroy antigens
antigen
substance that body recognizes as foreign;evokes an immune response. Most are PR or PR fragments found on surface of bacteria, virus…
axillary nodes
lymph nodes in the armpits
B Cell (B Lymphocyte)
lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete Ab
complement system
proteins in the blood that help Ab and T cells kill their target
cytokines
proteins that aid and regulate the immune response - interferons and interleukins
cytotoxic T cell
T lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells (CD8 cell or T8 cell)
dendritic cell
specialized macrophage that digests foreign cells and helps B and T cell to mark antigens fro destruction
helper T cell
lymphocyte that aids B cells and cytotoxic T cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating Ab production (CD4 or T4 cell)
immunity
body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins
immunoglobulins
Ab (gamma globulins) such as IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, and IgD that are secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen
immunotherapy
use of immune cells, Ab, or vaccine to prevent or treat disease
interferons
proteins (cytokines) secreted by T cells to aid and regulate the immune response
interleukins
proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
interstitial fluid
fluid in the spaces between the cells, becomes lymph when enters lymph capillaries
lymph
thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissue throughout the body.
lymphoid organs
lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland
lymph node
a collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels
lymph vessel
carrier of lymph throughout the body; empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest
macrophage
large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissue of the body
monoclonal antibody
Ab produced in a lab to attack antigens and to destroy cells…useful in immunotherapy
natural immunity
not prior exposure to antigens, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages
plasma cell
lymphocyte that produces and secretes Ab , originates from B lymphocytes
right lymphatic duct
large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body
spleen
organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminate blood cells
suppressor T cells
lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes, also called T reg (regulatory T cell)
T cell (T lymphocyte)
lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland. acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce cytokines that are toxic to antigen
tolerance
the ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as “friendly”, once established immune system will not react against the body
thoracic duct
large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below diaphragm and left side of the body, empties lymph into upper vein in chest
thymus gland
organ in the mediastinum the conditions T lymphocytes to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response
tonsils
mass of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx
vaccination
exposure to a foreign protein that provoke immune response, destroy cell that possess antigen and protect against infection
vaccine
weakened or killed microorganism, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease
3 types of T cell
Helper T, cytotoxic T, suppressor T
B cells
transform into plasma cells and secrete Ab-immunoglobulins
cytotoxic T cell (T8)
attach to antigen on bacterial, viral, or cell surface and directly kill the antigen
T cell
secrete cytokines (interferons and interleukins) that help other cells respond to antigens
Helper T cell (T4)
promote Ab synthesis by b cells and stimulate T cells
suppressor cell (Tregs)
inhibit B and T cells
