14 Lymphatic and Immune System vocab

Question 1

acquired immunity

Answer 1

antibodies produced after infection, vaccination, antitoxins, immunoglobulins, maternal antibodies, T and B cells

Question 2

adenoids

Answer 2

mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

Question 3

antibody

Answer 3

protein produced by B cell lymphocyte to destroy antigens

Question 4

antigen

Answer 4

substance that body recognizes as foreign;evokes an immune response. Most are PR or PR fragments found on surface of bacteria, virus…

Question 5

axillary nodes

Answer 5

lymph nodes in the armpits

Question 6

B Cell (B Lymphocyte)

Answer 6

lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete Ab

Question 7

complement system

Answer 7

proteins in the blood that help Ab and T cells kill their target

Question 8

cytokines

Answer 8

proteins that aid and regulate the immune response - interferons and interleukins

Question 9

cytotoxic T cell

Answer 9

T lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells (CD8 cell or T8 cell)

Question 10

dendritic cell

Answer 10

specialized macrophage that digests foreign cells and helps B and T cell to mark antigens fro destruction

Question 11

helper T cell

Answer 11

lymphocyte that aids B cells and cytotoxic T cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating Ab production (CD4 or T4 cell)

Question 12

immunity

Answer 12

body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins

Question 13

immunoglobulins

Answer 13

Ab (gamma globulins) such as IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, and IgD that are secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen

Question 14

immunotherapy

Answer 14

use of immune cells, Ab, or vaccine to prevent or treat disease

Question 15

interferons

Answer 15

proteins (cytokines) secreted by T cells to aid and regulate the immune response

Question 16

interleukins

Answer 16

proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes

Question 17

interstitial fluid

Answer 17

fluid in the spaces between the cells, becomes lymph when enters lymph capillaries

Question 18

lymph

Answer 18

thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissue throughout the body.

Question 19

lymphoid organs

Answer 19

lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland

Question 20

lymph node

Answer 20

a collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels

Question 21

lymph vessel

Answer 21

carrier of lymph throughout the body; empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest

Question 22

macrophage

Answer 22

large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissue of the body

Question 23

monoclonal antibody

Answer 23

Ab produced in a lab to attack antigens and to destroy cells…useful in immunotherapy

Question 24

natural immunity

Answer 24

not prior exposure to antigens, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages

Question 25

plasma cell

Answer 25

lymphocyte that produces and secretes Ab , originates from B lymphocytes

Question 26

right lymphatic duct

Answer 26

large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body

Question 27

spleen

Answer 27

organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminate blood cells

Question 28

suppressor T cells

Answer 28

lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes, also called T reg (regulatory T cell)

Question 29

T cell (T lymphocyte)

Answer 29

lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland. acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce cytokines that are toxic to antigen

Question 30

tolerance

Answer 30

the ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as “friendly”, once established immune system will not react against the body

Question 31

thoracic duct

Answer 31

large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below diaphragm and left side of the body, empties lymph into upper vein in chest

Question 32

thymus gland

Answer 32

organ in the mediastinum the conditions T lymphocytes to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response

Question 33

tonsils

Answer 33

mass of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx

Question 34

vaccination

Answer 34

exposure to a foreign protein that provoke immune response, destroy cell that possess antigen and protect against infection

Question 35

vaccine

Answer 35

weakened or killed microorganism, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease

Question 36

3 types of T cell

Answer 36

Helper T, cytotoxic T, suppressor T

Question 37

B cells

Answer 37

transform into plasma cells and secrete Ab-immunoglobulins

Question 38

cytotoxic T cell (T8)

Answer 38

attach to antigen on bacterial, viral, or cell surface and directly kill the antigen

Question 39

T cell

Answer 39

secrete cytokines (interferons and interleukins) that help other cells respond to antigens

Question 40

Helper T cell (T4)

Answer 40

promote Ab synthesis by b cells and stimulate T cells

Question 41

suppressor cell (Tregs)

Answer 41

inhibit B and T cells