15 Musculoskeletal System Vocab

Question 1

articular cartilage

Answer 1

thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint space

Question 2

Bone

Answer 2

hard connective tissue, long, short, flat, sesamoid

Question 3

calcium

Answer 3

mineral constituent in bone, calcium phosphate is the major calcium salt in bones

Question 4

cancellous bone

Answer 4

spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone

Question 5

cartilage

Answer 5

flexible, rubbery connective tissue. immature skeleton, epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces

Question 6

collagen

Answer 6

dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissue

Question 7

compact bone

Answer 7

hard, dense, bone tissue, usually found on the outer portion of bones

Question 8

cranial bones

Answer 8

ethmoid, frontal, temporal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid

Question 9

facial bones

Answer 9

lacrimal, mandibular, zygomatic, nasal, vomer, maxilla

Question 10

fontanelle

Answer 10

soft spot between skull bones in an infant

Question 11

haversian canals

Answer 11

minute spaces filled with blood vessels, found in compact bone

Question 12

ossification

Answer 12

process of bone formation

Question 13

osteoblast

Answer 13

immature osteocytes that produce the bony tissue that replaces cartilage during ossification

Question 14

osteoclast

Answer 14

large cells that function to reabsorb or digest bony tissue (-clast=break)

Question 15

periosteum

Answer 15

membrane surrounding bones, rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

Question 16

red bone marrow

Answer 16

found in cancellous bone, site of hematopoiesis

Question 17

sella turcica

Answer 17

depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

Question 18

trabeculae

Answer 18

supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone

Question 19

yellow bone marrow

Answer 19

fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bone

Question 20

bursa

Answer 20

sac of fluid near a joint, promotes smooth sliding of one tissue against another

Question 21

synovial joint

Answer 21

freely moveable joint

Question 22

types of muscles

Answer 22

striated, smooth, cardiac

Question 23

striated muscles

Answer 23

voluntary or skeletal muscles

Question 24

fascia

Answer 24

separates muscle, contains muscle’s blood, lymph, and nerve supply

Question 25

smooth muscle

Answer 25

involuntary or visceral muscles that move internal organs; digestive tract, blood vessels, secretory ducts. autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 26

cardiac muscle

Answer 26

involuntary, striated in appearance but fxns like smooth