13 Blood System Vocab

Question 1

4 major plasma proteins

Answer 1

albumin, globulins, (fibrinogen, prothrombin)clotting

Question 2

albumin

Answer 2

protein in blood, maintains the proper amount of water in blood

Question 3

antibody (Ab)

Answer 3

protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens.

Question 4

antigen

Answer 4

substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

Question 5

basophil

Answer 5

wbc containing granules that stain blue, associated with release of histamine and heparin

Question 6

bilirubin

Answer 6

yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when rbc die

Question 7

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Answer 7

protein that stimulated the growth and proliferation of wbc (granulocytes)

Question 8

differentiation

Answer 8

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures, specialization

Question 9

electrophoresis

Answer 9

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Question 10

eosinophil

Answer 10

wbc containing granules stains red, associated with allergic reactions

Question 11

erythrocyte

Answer 11

rbc, 5 mil per microliter

Question 12

erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 12

hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates rbc formation

Question 13

fibrin

Answer 13

protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot

Question 14

fibrinogen

Answer 14

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 15

globulin

Answer 15

plasma protein; alpha, beta, gamma (immune) globulins are examples

Question 16

granulocyte

Answer 16

wbc with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil

Question 17

hemoglobin

Answer 17

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in rbc

Question 18

hemolysis

Answer 18

destruction or breakdown of rbc

Question 19

heparin

Answer 19

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 20

immunoglobulin

Answer 20

protein (globulin) with antibody activity; IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgI

Question 21

leukocyte

Answer 21

wbc

Question 22

lymphocyte

Answer 22

mononuclear wbc that produces antibodies

Question 23

macrophage

Answer 23

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. as a phagocyte it engulfs foreign material and debris

Question 24

megakaryocyte

Answer 24

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Question 25

monocyte

Answer 25

wbc with one large nucleus, engulfs foreign material, become macrophage when they leave blood and enter body tissue

Question 26

mononuclear

Answer 26

pertaining to a cell with single round nucleus, lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 27

neutrophil

Answer 27

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow, phagocytic

Question 28

plasma

Answer 28

liquid portion of blood, contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins

Question 29

plasmaphersis

Answer 29

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge, collected cells transferred back, fresh-frozen plasma used to replace withdrawn plasma

Question 30

platelet

Answer 30

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Question 31

prothrombin

Answer 31

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 32

reticulocyte

Answer 32

immature erythrocyte

Question 33

Rh factor

Answer 33

antigen on rbc of rh-positive individuals... first seen in rhesus monkeys

Question 34

serum

Answer 34

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

Question 35

stem cell

Answer 35

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature specialized forms. a hematopoietic stem cell is the progenitor for all different types of blood cells

Question 36

thrombin

Answer 36

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 37

thrombocyte

Answer 37

platelet