16 Skin Pathology and cutaneous lesions Flashcards
crust
collection of dried serum and cellular debris, (scab) eczema, impetigo, seborrhea
cyst
thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material (pilonidal cyst, sebaceous cyst)
erosion
wearing away or loss of epidermis
fissure
groove or crack like sore
macule
flat lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter. freckles, tattoo marks, flat moles
nodule
solid, round oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter. enlarged lymph nodes or solid growth
papule
small (less than 1cm in diameter), solid elevation of skin. pimples
polyp
growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane
pustule
papule containing pus. small abscess on the skin
ulcer
open sore on the skin or mucous membrane (deeper than erosion) decubitus ulcer-laying in place to long
vesicle
small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister. form in burns, allergies, dermatitis. bulla- large vesicle
wheal
smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin. hives, anaphylaxis, insect bites
alopecia
absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
ecchymosis, ecchymoses
bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin (ec-=out, chym/o=pour) caused by hemorrhages into the skin
petechia, petechiae
small, pinpoint hemorrhage
pruritus
itching
urticaria (hives)
acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin
acne
chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased productions of sebum (acne vulgaris)
burns
injury caused by heat 1st-superficial no blisters, 2nd-epidermal and dermal, blisters, hyperesthesia. 3rd- epi and derm destroyed, subq layer damaged leaving charred, white tissue
cellulitis
diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
eczema
inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular lesions
exanthematous viral disease
rash (exantehm) of the skin due to viral infection (rubella, rubeola, varicella)
gangrene
death of tissue associate with loss of blood supply
impetigo
bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted over lesions. contagious pyoderma
psoriasis
chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itch, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales. ai disease
scabies
contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus
scleroderma
chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue, ai disease
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs
tinea
infection of the skin caused by fungus, corporis- wing worm
vitiligo
loss of pigment in areas of the skin, form of leukoderma, autoimmune
callus
increased growth of cell in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction, corn is a tpe of callus
keloid
hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision
keratosis
thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage
leukoplakia
white, thickened patches in mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek
nevus, nevi
pigmented lesions of the skin, moles
verruca
epidermal growth (wart) caused by virus. verruca vulgaris is common wart, plantar wart on feet
basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis
malignant melanoma
cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
ABCDE of melanoma
asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution
kaposi sarcoma
malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules, associated with AIDS
Bx
biopsy
SC
subcutaneous
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
