16 Skin Pathology and cutaneous lesions

Question 1

crust

Answer 1

collection of dried serum and cellular debris, (scab) eczema, impetigo, seborrhea

Question 2

cyst

Answer 2

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material (pilonidal cyst, sebaceous cyst)

Question 3

erosion

Answer 3

wearing away or loss of epidermis

Question 4

fissure

Answer 4

groove or crack like sore

Question 5

macule

Answer 5

flat lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter. freckles, tattoo marks, flat moles

Question 6

nodule

Answer 6

solid, round oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter. enlarged lymph nodes or solid growth

Question 7

papule

Answer 7

small (less than 1cm in diameter), solid elevation of skin. pimples

Question 8

polyp

Answer 8

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

Question 9

pustule

Answer 9

papule containing pus. small abscess on the skin

Question 10

ulcer

Answer 10

open sore on the skin or mucous membrane (deeper than erosion) decubitus ulcer-laying in place to long

Question 11

vesicle

Answer 11

small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister. form in burns, allergies, dermatitis. bulla- large vesicle

Question 12

wheal

Answer 12

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin. hives, anaphylaxis, insect bites

Question 13

alopecia

Answer 13

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

Question 14

ecchymosis, ecchymoses

Answer 14

bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin (ec-=out, chym/o=pour) caused by hemorrhages into the skin

Question 15

petechia, petechiae

Answer 15

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

Question 16

pruritus

Answer 16

itching

Question 17

urticaria (hives)

Answer 17

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin

Question 18

acne

Answer 18

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased productions of sebum (acne vulgaris)

Question 19

burns

Answer 19

injury caused by heat 1st-superficial no blisters, 2nd-epidermal and dermal, blisters, hyperesthesia. 3rd- epi and derm destroyed, subq layer damaged leaving charred, white tissue

Question 20

cellulitis

Answer 20

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

Question 21

eczema

Answer 21

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular lesions

Question 22

exanthematous viral disease

Answer 22

rash (exantehm) of the skin due to viral infection (rubella, rubeola, varicella)

Question 23

gangrene

Answer 23

death of tissue associate with loss of blood supply

Question 24

impetigo

Answer 24

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted over lesions. contagious pyoderma

Question 25

psoriasis

Answer 25

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itch, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales. ai disease

Question 26

scabies

Answer 26

contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus

Question 27

scleroderma

Answer 27

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue, ai disease

Question 28

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 28

chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

Question 29

tinea

Answer 29

infection of the skin caused by fungus, corporis- wing worm

Question 30

vitiligo

Answer 30

loss of pigment in areas of the skin, form of leukoderma, autoimmune

Question 31

callus

Answer 31

increased growth of cell in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction, corn is a tpe of callus

Question 32

keloid

Answer 32

hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision

Question 33

keratosis

Answer 33

thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage

Question 34

leukoplakia

Answer 34

white, thickened patches in mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek

Question 35

nevus, nevi

Answer 35

pigmented lesions of the skin, moles

Question 36

verruca

Answer 36

epidermal growth (wart) caused by virus. verruca vulgaris is common wart, plantar wart on feet

Question 37

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 37

malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

Question 38

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 38

malignant tumor of squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

Question 39

malignant melanoma

Answer 39

cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

Question 40

ABCDE of melanoma

Answer 40

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution

Question 41

kaposi sarcoma

Answer 41

malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules, associated with AIDS

Question 42

Bx

Answer 42

biopsy

Question 43

SC

Answer 43

subcutaneous

Question 44

SLE

Answer 44

systemic lupus erythematosus