5 Digestive System Terms and Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

borborygmus

A

rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the GI tract

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2
Q

eructation

A

belching

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3
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

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4
Q

jaundice (icterus)

A

yellow color caused by high lvl of bilirubin in the blood

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5
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood

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6
Q

steatorrhea

A

fat in the feces; frothy, foul-smelling fecal matter

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7
Q

apthous stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth with small painful ulcers

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8
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay, dental plaque

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9
Q

herpetic stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus

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10
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth

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11
Q

periodontal disease

A

inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bones

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12
Q

achalasia

A

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax (-chalasia=relaxation)

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13
Q

esophageal cancer

A

malignant tumor of the esophagus

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14
Q

esophageal varices

A

swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

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15
Q

gastric cancer

A

malignant tumor of the stomach

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16
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach…heartburn

17
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it, hiatal-stomach past diaphragm, inguinal-bowel through abdomen

18
Q

peptic ulcer

A

open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

19
Q

anal fistula

A

abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

20
Q

colonic polyps

A

polyps(benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

21
Q

colorectal cancer

A

adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

22
Q

Chron disease

A

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract (terminal ileum and colon

23
Q

diverticulosis

A

abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall

24
Q

dysentery

A

painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

25
hemorrhoids
swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region
26
ileus
loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
27
intussusception
telescoping of the intestines
28
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
group of gastrointestinal symptoms associate with stress and tension
29
ulcerative colitis
chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers
30
volvulus
twisting of the intestine on itself
31
cholelithiasis
gallstones in the gallbladder
32
cirrhosis
chronic degenerative disease of the liver
33
pancreatic cancer
malignant tumor of the pancreas