18 Endocrine System Vocab/hormones

Question 1

Thyroid hormones

Answer 1

Thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3). calcitonin

Question 2

Thyroxine T4 and triiodothyronine (T3)

Answer 2

thyroid; increase metabolism in body cells

Question 3

calcitonin

Answer 3

thyroid; lowers blood calcium - enters bones

Question 4

parathyroids hormone

Answer 4

parathyroid hormone - increase blood calcium

Question 5

adrenal cortex hormones

Answer 5

cortisol (glucocorticoid), aldosterone (mineralocorticoid) androgen, estrogens (sex hormones); sugar, salt, sex

Question 6

cortisol (glucocorticoid)

Answer 6

adrenal cortex; increase blood sugar

Question 7

aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)

Answer 7

adrenal cortex; increase reabsorption of sodium

Question 8

androgens, estrogens (sex hormones)

Answer 8

adrenal cortex; secondary sex characteristics

Question 9

adrenal medulla hormones

Answer 9

epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Question 10

epinephrine (adrenaline)

Answer 10

adrenal medulla; sympathomimetic

Question 11

norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Answer 11

adrenal medulla; sympathomimetic

Question 12

pancreas islet cells hormones

Answer 12

insulin and glucagon

Question 13

insulin

Answer 13

pancreas; decrease blood sugar (glucose to glycogen)

Question 14

glucagon

Answer 14

alpha islets pancreas; increase blood sugar (glycogen to glucose)

Question 15

anterior pituitary gland hormones

Answer 15

growth hormone (somatotropin), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Gonadotropins (FSH and LH), prolactin (PRL)

Question 16

growth hormone (somatotropin)

Answer 16

anterior pituitary gland; increase bone and tissue growth

Question 17

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 17

anterior pituitary gland;stimulates thyroid gland and thyroxine (T4) secretion

Question 18

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 18

anterior pituitary gland; stimulates adrenal cortex, especially cortisol secretion

Question 19

Gonadotropins - follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 19

anterior pituitary gland; oogenesis and spermatogenesis

Question 20

Gonadotropins - lutenizing hormone (LH)

Answer 20

anterior pituitary gland; promotes ovulation or testosterone secretions

Question 21

prolactin (PRL)

Answer 21

anterior pituitary gland; promotes growth of breast tissue and milk secretion

Question 22

posterior pituitary gland hormones

Answer 22

antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin), oxytocin

Question 23

antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin)

Answer 23

posterior pituitary gland; stimulates reabsorption of water by kidney tubules

Question 24

oxytocin

Answer 24

posterior pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor and childbirth

Question 25

ovary hormones

Answer 25

estrogen, progesterone

Question 26

estrogen

Answer 26

ovaries; promotes development of ova and female secondary sex characteristics

Question 27

progesterone

Answer 27

ovaries; prepares and maintains the uterus in pregnancy

Question 28

testes hormone

Answer 28

testosterone

Question 29

testosterone

Answer 29

testes; promotes development of sperm and male secondary sex characteristics

Question 30

cortex

Answer 30

outer section

Question 31

medulla

Answer 31

inner section

Question 32

pancreas

Answer 32

islet(alpha and beta) cells (islets of langerhans) secretes hormones. also contain cells that are exocrine - secrete enzymes into small intestine to aid in digestion

Question 33

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

Answer 33

base of the brain - sella turcica, ant (adenohypophysis) and post (neurohypophysis)

Question 34

catecholamines

Answer 34

hormone derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla - epi is an example

Question 35

corticosteroids

Answer 35

hormones (steroids) produced by adrenal cortex - cortisol, aldosterone, androgens, estrogens

Question 36

hypothalamus

Answer 36

secretes releasing factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland

Question 37

sympathomimetic

Answer 37

pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system - adrenaline (raises bp and hr, and dilates airways)