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med term > 18 Endocrine System Vocab/hormones > Flashcards

18 Endocrine System Vocab/hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid hormones

A

Thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3). calcitonin

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2
Q

Thyroxine T4 and triiodothyronine (T3)

A

thyroid; increase metabolism in body cells

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3
Q

calcitonin

A

thyroid; lowers blood calcium - enters bones

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4
Q

parathyroids hormone

A

parathyroid hormone - increase blood calcium

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5
Q

adrenal cortex hormones

A

cortisol (glucocorticoid), aldosterone (mineralocorticoid) androgen, estrogens (sex hormones); sugar, salt, sex

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6
Q

cortisol (glucocorticoid)

A

adrenal cortex; increase blood sugar

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7
Q

aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)

A

adrenal cortex; increase reabsorption of sodium

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8
Q

androgens, estrogens (sex hormones)

A

adrenal cortex; secondary sex characteristics

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9
Q

adrenal medulla hormones

A

epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

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10
Q

epinephrine (adrenaline)

A

adrenal medulla; sympathomimetic

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11
Q

norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

A

adrenal medulla; sympathomimetic

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12
Q

pancreas islet cells hormones

A

insulin and glucagon

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13
Q

insulin

A

pancreas; decrease blood sugar (glucose to glycogen)

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14
Q

glucagon

A

alpha islets pancreas; increase blood sugar (glycogen to glucose)

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15
Q

anterior pituitary gland hormones

A

growth hormone (somatotropin), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Gonadotropins (FSH and LH), prolactin (PRL)

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16
Q

growth hormone (somatotropin)

A

anterior pituitary gland; increase bone and tissue growth

17
Q

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

anterior pituitary gland;stimulates thyroid gland and thyroxine (T4) secretion

18
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

anterior pituitary gland; stimulates adrenal cortex, especially cortisol secretion

19
Q

Gonadotropins - follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

anterior pituitary gland; oogenesis and spermatogenesis

20
Q

Gonadotropins - lutenizing hormone (LH)

A

anterior pituitary gland; promotes ovulation or testosterone secretions

21
Q

prolactin (PRL)

A

anterior pituitary gland; promotes growth of breast tissue and milk secretion

22
Q

posterior pituitary gland hormones

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin), oxytocin

23
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin)

A

posterior pituitary gland; stimulates reabsorption of water by kidney tubules

24
Q

oxytocin

A

posterior pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor and childbirth

25
Q

ovary hormones

A

estrogen, progesterone

26
Q

estrogen

A

ovaries; promotes development of ova and female secondary sex characteristics

27
Q

progesterone

A

ovaries; prepares and maintains the uterus in pregnancy

28
Q

testes hormone

A

testosterone

29
Q

testosterone

A

testes; promotes development of sperm and male secondary sex characteristics

30
Q

cortex

A

outer section

31
Q

medulla

A

inner section

32
Q

pancreas

A

islet(alpha and beta) cells (islets of langerhans) secretes hormones. also contain cells that are exocrine - secrete enzymes into small intestine to aid in digestion

33
Q

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

A

base of the brain - sella turcica, ant (adenohypophysis) and post (neurohypophysis)

34
Q

catecholamines

A

hormone derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla - epi is an example

35
Q

corticosteroids

A

hormones (steroids) produced by adrenal cortex - cortisol, aldosterone, androgens, estrogens

36
Q

hypothalamus

A

secretes releasing factors and hormones that affect the pituitary gland

37
Q

sympathomimetic

A

pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system - adrenaline (raises bp and hr, and dilates airways)

med term (61 decks)

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