6.28.16 Flashcards
differentiate: schizoaffective disorder vs MDD/bipolar disorder w psychotic features
MDD/bipolar disorder w psychotic features: psychotic ssx occur exclusively during mood episodes
schizoaffective disorder: psychosis w/out mood episode
hypoxemia, normal A-a gradient –> indicates? One cause?
alveolar & arterial PO2 –> both low
alveolar hypovent –> obesity hypovent synd
Conn’s synd: tx
aldos ant: spironolactone, eplerenone
Dx: mania, h/o delusions & hallucinations w/out mood episode
schizoaffective disorder
what is: Rathke’s pouch
embryonic precursor of ant pit
obesity hypovent synd: charact
- chronic fatigue
- dyspnea
- difficult concentrate
- evidence of hypovent (increased PaCO2)
blast cells in peripheral blood –> strongly suggests?
leukemia
what is: velocardiofacial synd
- cleft palate
- cardiac anomaly
- dysmorphic facies
what is: Wilson dz (hepatolenticular degen)
AR –> excess copper –> toxic accum:
- liver
- basal ganglia –> parkinsonism
- cornea –> Kayser-Fleischer rings
external br of sup laryngeal N: fx
innervate cricothyroid muscle
DM: #1 COD
coronary heart dz
what is: DiGeorge synd
- cardiac anomaly
- hypoplastic/absent thymus
- hypoCa
11-hydroxylase def: clinical findings
early in life:
- F: ambiguous genitalia
- HTN
- hypoK
hyperaldos: ssx
- HTN
- hypoK
- metab alk
- decrease renin
autoAb against snRNP? who?
anti-Smith Ab
SLE
Dx: chronic fatigue, dyspnea, difficult concentrate, increased PaCO2, obese
obesity hypovent synd
what is: Conn’s synd
1ary hyperaldos
what malig can arise from Rathke’s pouch?
craniopharyngioma
femoral N block: optimal site
inguinal crease
Wilson dz (hepatolenticular degen): tx
chelation tx w D-penicillamine –> remv excess loosely bound serum copper
what is: Wallerian degen
process of axonal degen & brkdown of myelin sheath distal to site of injury
snRNP: fx
essential component of spliceosomes –> remv introns from pre-mRNA to form mature mRNA
chrom 22q11.2 microdeletion: leads to?
- DiGeorge synd
- velocardiofacial synd
thyroidectomy: can injure what N?
external br of sup laryngeal N d/t proximity to sup thyroid A & V
Wilson dz (hepatolenticular degen): lab findings
- elevated LFT
- low serum ceruloplasmin
what is: schizoaffective disorder
- schizophrenia + mood episode
- h/o: >2wk –> delusion, hallucination without mood episode
mood ssx present for most of illness –> but psychosis occurs w/out mood ssx
RNApol II: fx
synthesize:
- mRNA
- snRNA
enterococcal endocarditis is assoc w?
GU instrumentation, catheterization
TCA overdose: ssx
- mental status change
- sz
- prolonged QRS
- V arrhythmia
- antichol
enterococcus can grow in?
- hypertonic (6.5%) saline
- bile
11-hydroxylase def: pathophys
excess production:
- adrenal androgen
- mineralocorticoid (11-deoxycorticosterone)
chronic mesenteric ischemia: pathophys
mesenteric A –> atherosclerosis –> diminish blood flow to intestines after meals –> postprandial epigastric pain (“intestinal angina”)
DiGeorge synd: cause
chrom 22q11.2 microdeletion –> defective neural crest migration into derivatives of 3rd & 4th pharyngeal pouch
T-cell ALL: presentation
mediastinal mass –> resp ssx, dysphagia, SVC synd
why does axonal regen not occur in CNS?
- myelin debris that persist for years
- neuronal inh factors –> inh axon growth
- dense glial scar –> barrier to axon regen
what is the gold standard for detecting a microdeletion?
fluorescence in situ hybridization
what is the most common childhood malig?
acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
A-a gradient: what is? what is normal?
difference in PO2 in alveoli & arterial blood
normal = 5-15 mmHg
TCA overdose: tx? MOA?
sodium bicarb –> trt cardiac toxicity
MOA: increase serum pH & extracell Na –> alleviate fast Na channel blockade
coronary heart dz –> cardiovasc event –> MI, stroke
who has same risk for cardiovasc event?
- noncoronary atherosclerotic dz
- DM
- chronic kidney dz
coronary heart dz: highest RF
- noncoronary atherosclerotic dz
- DM
- chronic kidney dz
femoral N block: effect?
anesthetize skin & muscles:
- ant thigh –> quadriceps
- femur
- knee
what is: craniopharyngioma
child –> remnant of Rathke’s pouch –> suprasellar tumor –> composed of calcified cysts containing chol xls
bipolar disorder: maintenance tx
mood stabilizer:
- lithium
- valproate
small nuclear RNA (snRNA): fx
complex w specific proteins to form small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP)
what is the most common type of ALL?
B-cell ALL
