Sketchy: Entamoeba histolytica Flashcards
What is the tx for Entamoeba histolytica?
metronidazole, paramycin, and/or iodoquinol
During the second part of the Entamoeba life cycle, the cysts in the GI tract differentiate into _____.
trophozoites
Is surgery of the liver a tx for Entamoeba liver abscesses?
NO- treat medically with metro, paramycin, and/or iodoquinol
Cue:
- bubbles in the puddle
cysts
Cue:
- drainage pipe labeled O&P has outpouchings covered in rust spots and is spilling massive amounts of water
- intestinal amebiasis causes flask-shaped ulcerations of colon haustra with diarrhea
- stool O&P = diagnostic test
Cue:
- “Do not enter- Historical site” sign
- Ent = Entamoeba
- Hist = histolytica
Cue:
- guy holding a map of the dig site
CT of the liver showing R lobe lesion
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites invade the ____ and spread to the liver via the portal circulation.
colon
What is the infectious form of Entamoeba histolytica?
the cysts
Cue:
- pair of mice running out of the metro tunnel
paramycin, a luminal agent used to eliminate cysts
How is Entamoeba histolytica diagnosed?
- stool O&P positive for cysts or trophozoites
- ELISA antigen test on stool and serum
- serology to test for entamoeba antibody
- biopsy shows Erlenmeyer flask ulcerations during C-scope
How does Entamoeba histolytica look on microscopy?
trophozoites containing endocytosed RBCs
Is Entamoeba histolytica invasive?
YES - it causes colon ulcers, bloody diarrhea (dysentery)
Cue:
- 2 men holding hands and drinking the dirty, bubbly puddle water from Erlenmeyer flasks
- transmission = ingestion of cysts from contaminated water
- also assoc with men who have sex with men (anal-oral transmission)
- Erlenmeyer flasks = shape of ulcers in colon
What is paramycin?
a luminal agent used to eliminate cysts (tx for Entamoeba histolytica)
Cue:
- archeologists digging for a tomb on the R side of the liver-shaped dig site
R lobe of liver is most common involved site of amoebic liver abscesses
Cue:
- a metro subway train
metronidazole
What is Iodoquinol?
a luminal agent used to eliminate cysts (tx for Entamoeba histolytica)
What drugs work by eliminating cysts from the lumen of the intestine?
luminal agents:
- paramycin
- iodoquinol
Cue:
- anchovy paste truck driving by and an archaeologist eating a dripping sandwich while sitting on a red stool
- “anchovy paste” pus consistency of amoebic liver abscesses
- red stool = bloody diarrhea
What is the classic description for the pus inside an amoebic liver abscess?
anchovy paste
The _____ of the liver is most common involved site of amoebic liver abscesses.
right lobe
Cue:
- sign says “Queen Iodo’s Tomb”
Iodoquinol, a luminal agent used to eliminate cysts
Cue:
- amoeba-shaped puddle with floating red cups
trophozoites contain endocytosed RBCs
Cue:
- shape of the dig site
liver (trophozoites spread from GI tract to liver via portal circulation)
Are most amoebic liver abscesses solitary or multiple lesions?
solitary (70-80%)
Entamoeba histolytica causes what disease?
amoebiasis
What are the s/s of amoebic liver abscesses?
- RUQ pain
- hepatomegaly
- TTP
Cue:
- man standing in the R sided digging site holding his upper abdomen
RUQ pain in amoebic liver abscesses
What is dysentery?
bloody diarrhea
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites invade the colon and spread to the _____ via the ______.
liver; portal circulation
_______ invade the colon and spread to the liver via the portal circulation.
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites
What are the 2 life cycle stages for Entamoeba histolytica?
- cysts
- trophozoites
