1.85 Mood Disorder Flashcards
Define Affect and Mood…
Affect - sujective experience of mood
Mood - pervasive and sustained emotion in the sad-happy continuum
Define affective disorder…
Disorders in which the central feature is a mood disturbance
Depression, mania and hypomania
When does a mood disturbance become pathological?
• Severe • Persistent • Impaired functioning • disturbance of activity disturbance of thinking
What are the core symptoms of depression?
Core symptoms
low mood
slowed activity
slowed thinking
What mood symptoms can be present with depression?
• persistent sadness or low mood • DVM • Quality of the mood is different • loss of interests or pleasure (anhedonia) fatigue or low energy
What cognitive symptoms can be present with depression?
• poor concentration or indecisiveness
• low self-confidence
• suicidal thoughts or acts
guilt or self-blame
What biological symptoms can be present?
• Sleep • EMW • Appetite • Severe weight loss/weight change • Concentration • Memory • Psychomotor retardation or agitation • Constipation Loss of libido
Describe the mental state exam for someone with depression?
Appearance and behaviour Speech Mood Thought Perceptual abnormalities Cognitive function Insight
What are types of episode of depression?
• Depressed
Manic
Why is severity important and how can you distinguish between the different types of severity?
Mild
At least 2 typical symptoms and at least 2 other symptoms.
No symptoms are intense.
Moderate
At least 2 typical symptoms plus at least 3 (and preferably 4) other symptoms.
Several symptoms present to a marked degree (not essential).
Severe
All 3 typical symptoms plus at least 4 other symptoms, some of severe intensity. Delusions and/or hallucinations may be present.
Define the special symptoms; psychotic, neurotic, psychosis and melancholia…
• Psychotic symptoms
• Hallucinations and delusions can occur in severe depression and mania. Delusions are usually mood congruent. Hallucinations are usually auditory and in the second person
• “Neurotic” symptoms
• Most commonly anxiety symptoms but obsessive compulsive or hypochondriacal symptoms may occur.
• Melancholia
This refers to severe depression where biological symptoms are prominent
What are the four common patterns?
• Single episode
• Recurrent depression
• Bipolar affective disorder
Chronic depression
What BPAD according to ICD 10?
BPAD = according to ICD 10, is 2 or more episodes of mood disturbance, but including mania/hypomania. (DSM-V = 1 x mania or 1x hypomania + 1 depressive)
Define dysthmia…
A form of mild depression which has a chronic course and does not meet the criteria for a recurrent depressive disorder (DSM-IV requires that the symptoms should be present for at least two years).
Define cyclothymia…
A milder form of bipolar disorder with persistent instability of mood, involving numerous periods of mild depression and elation. It may be a personality variant.
