1.32 Neck and Pharynx Flashcards
What are the compartments of the neck?
Investing - surround neck - continuous with deep fascia in the face - splits around SCM, trapezius and glands
Prevertebral - vertebral column and associated muscles - all the way to occipital bone - forms axillary sheaths
Pretracheal - trachea, oesophagus - continuous with buccal fascia
Due to the neck fascias, where can infection from the neck spread?
Dental infection all the way down through the mediastinum
Which muscles create the posterior triangle of the neck?
SCM, trapezius and middle third of clavicle
Which fascia and nerves are found in the posterior triangle?
Prevertabral fascia
XI - supply scm and trapezius
What are the contents of the posterior triangle?
Roots of brachial plexus prevertabral muscles Phrenic nerves Suprascapular artery Transverse cervical artery apex of lungs
Where do the brachial plexus roots emerge from?
Between anterior and middle scalene
Where do scaleneus ant. And medius attach to?
1st rib - accessory respiratory
Which muscles make up the floor of the posterior triangle?
Splenus capitus, levator scapulae, scalene muscles, posterior
What are the borders of the anterior triangle?
SCM, midline of neck, lower border of mandible
What is found in the anterior triangle of the neck?
ECA, ICA and INJ
Suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles
What salivary volume does the submandibular gland produce?
65%
Where does the submandibular duct open?
Either side of frenulum
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular gland?
Preganglionic - chordae t via V3
Post ganglionic - V3
anterior triangle
What are the branches of th external carotid artery?
Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
Superior thyroid, Ascending pharyngeal, Lingual, Facial, Occipital, Posterior auricular, Maxillary, Superficial temporal
Where do most of the veins from face neck drain into?
External Jugular Vein
What could cause a raised JVP?
Increased right ventricular pressure, right sided HF, sup. vena cava obstruction, obstruction of blood flow from right atrium to right ventricle and positive intrathoracic pressure
Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
C3-C4
Which nerve roots supply sensation over scalp, neck and ear?
c5 - c8
What innervation does the ansa cervicalis supply and which nerve roots does it originate from?
c1-c3
Which roots make up the brachial plexus?
C5-C8
What innervation in the neck does the vagus nerve provide?
Most soft palate muscles, most pharynx and larynx muscles and sensory to the larynx
Through which foramen do vertebral arteries travel through?
Foramen trasversarium to enter cranial cavity through the foramen magnum
What is the function of the thyroid gland?
Differentiation of all cells - regulate protein fat and carbohydrate metabolism - protein, bone and neuronal growth, - inc, catecholamine activity
Which nerve provides the main sensory innervation for the pharynx?
IX glossopharyngeal
