1.81 Neurotransmitters in the CNS Flashcards
What are the amino acid neurotransmitters and there function?
Acetylcholine - excitatory
Glutamate - excitatory
GABA - inhibitory
What are the biogenic amine neurotransmitter?
Dopamine - Excitatory - D1 - Inhibitory - D2
NE - Excitatory
Epinephrine - Excitatory
Serotonin - Excitatory or Inhibitory
What are the neuropeptide neurotransmitters?
Substance p - excitatory
Opiods - inhibitory
Which receptors does Ach bind to?
Nicotinic - ligand gated channel - influx of cations
Muscarinic - G protein
Which is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS?
Glutamate
Which receptors does glutamate bind to?
NMDA, AMPA and KAINATE - ligand gated - cation influx
mGluR - g protein - excitatory
How is glutamate produced?
Astrocytes convert glutamine, which they take up form synapses, into glutamate
Which neurotransmitters are important inhibitors?
GABA and Glycine
Where is glycine used as an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
Mainly spinal cord - ligand gated - Cl influx
What are the GABA receptors?
GABAa, GABAc,
GABAb - Gi protein coupled - activates K+ and block Ca2+ channels - hyper polarisation
What is the key function of Norepinephrine?
Wakefulness and attention - g protein coupled
What are some of the function of dopamine?
Emotion, motivation and reward
Motor control
What are the dopamine receptors?
D1 (D3, D4) - Gs
D2 (D5) - Gi
What does dopamine control in the peripheral system?
Blood dilator
Blood supply to kidney
Glucose levels in the body
Food intake
