1.105 Dementia Flashcards
How long do the symptoms have to persist for it to qualify as dementia?
6 months
What is dementia?
Persistant - years unaltered consciousness rare mood changes rare hallucinations unaltered mortality long term care in end stages
What is delirium?
Transient - days Altered consciousness Affective changes Visual hallucinations Increased mortality or comorbidity Long term care
What are the symptoms of dementia?
Confusion
Inappropriate behaviour - aggression, anxiety
Seeing things or talking to dead relatives
Wondering
Slow rehabilitation
What are the reversible causes of dementia?
Depression Metabolic causes Medication Hypothyroidism Vitamin B12 Deficiency Hydrocephalus Subdural hematoma Brain tumour GI disease
What are the three types of dementia?
Cortical, Subcortical and Combined
What is cortical dementia?
AD, Frontal lobe
What is subcortical dementia?
Parkinson's Huntingdon's Wilsons disease Hydrocephalus HIV encephalopathy Lacunar state Binswanger
What is combined dementia?
Multiinfacrt,
Toxic and metabolic dementias
What are the clinical features of Alzeihmer’s?
Gradual onset
Prominent dyspraxia and dysphagia
Common non cognitive symptoms
Duration of illness - 7-10years
What is Vascular dementia?
Abrupt onset Maybe insidious or progressive Depression common vascular signs - retinopathy, murmurs Focal neurology - bulbar signs, gait.. Infarcts or white matter disease
What is dementia with Lewy Bodies?
Progressive decline Visual hallucination Fluctuating cognition Parkinsonism Syncope, falls, delusions, depression narcoleptic sensitivity
What is Wernicke’s encelapothay and Korsakoff’s syndrome?
alcohol related Thiamine deficiency Thalamus atrophy Anterograde amnesia Wernicke's - ataxia, ophtlamoplegia, confusion Korsakoff's - Amnesia, hallucinations
