1.4 Structure of the nervous system

Question 1

What are ependymal cells?

Answer 1

Produce, monitor and assist CSF circulation

Question 2

What are satellite cells?

Answer 2

Support and exchange to Schwann cells in the PNS

Question 3

What does an astrocyte do in an embryo?

Answer 3

In an embryo, an astrocyte regulates growth, migration and interconnection of neurones

Question 4

Explain the function of all of the CNS neuraglia…

Answer 4

Astrocyte - protoplasmic - maintain blood brain barrier, regulate environment and generation of nerve impulses
Microglia - remove debris - form a scar

Question 5

Define; commissural fibres & association fibres

Answer 5

Commissural fibres - connect two cerebral hemispheres

Association fibres - different parts of the same hemisphere

Question 6

Name the 6 layers of the cerebral cortex

Answer 6

1. molecular plexiform layer
2. outer granular layer
3. outer pyramidal layer
4. inner granular layer
5. inner pyramidal layer
6. multiform layer

Question 7

Explain each layer

Answer 7

1. input from thalamus, pyramidal cells
2. small pyramidal, stellate cells, input from cortex
3. small pyramidal, commissural fibres
4. large pyramidal, INPUT FROM THALAMUS
5. large pyramidal, INPUT FROM CORTEX
6. fusiform cells, output from thalamus

Question 8

Which two are the main layers?

Answer 8

Layer 4 - main sensory

Layer 5 - main motor

Question 9

Name the three types of cortex and the number of layers they have

Answer 9

Neocortex - 6 layers
Paleocortex - no layers - olfactory cortex
Archicortex - 3 layers - hippocampus

Question 10

What is the difference between agranular and hypergranular?

Answer 10

Agranular - motor

Hypergranular - sensory

Question 11

What is Brdomann’s area 1,2,3?

Answer 11

Primary sensory cortex