1.68 Shoulder Flashcards
What are three classifications of joints?
Firbous, cartilagenous and synovial
What are the classifications of the fibrous joints and where are they found?
Syndesmosis - tibiofibular articulation
Suture - skull
Gomphosis - Teeth to jawbone
What are fibrous joints made up of?
Fibrous connective tissue
What are the classification of the cartilaginous joint and where are they found?
Synchondrosis - 1st rib, sternum
Symphysis - intervertebral dics, symphysis pubis
What are the cartilaginous joints made up of?
synchondrosis - Hyaline cartilage
symphysis - fibrocartilage
What are the classifications of synovial joints and where are they found?
Gliding or plane joints - acromioclavicular, carpals Hinge joints - elbow Saddle - sternoclavicular Condyloid - Knuckle Ball and socket - shoulder Pivot - atlas/axis
What are synovial joints made up of?
Hyaline, synovial membrane and capsule
Does the should joint have stability or mobility ?
Mobility rather than stability
What stabilises the shoulder joint?
Rotator cuff muscles and ligaments
In which direction does the humerus pop out of the gleaned cavity?
Anterior/inferior direction
Which nerve can be damaged as a result?
Axillary
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
subscapularis
Which muscles are the abductors of the shoulder?
Supraspinatus - 15 degrees
Deltoid
Which muscles adduct the shoulder?
Theres Major
Which muscles are lateral rotators?
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Post. Fibres of deltoid
Which muscles extend the shoulder?
Long head of tricpes brachii
Which muscles are elevators or rotators of the scapula?
Levator scapulae
Trapezius
Which muscles are stabilisers of the scapula?
Pec minor and serrators anterior
Explain the rotator cuff injury…
Patient registers pain only over a limited arc of abduction, which is when the damaged supraspinatos tendon is compressed against the coracoacromial arch.
Before and after the tendon is free in the subacromial space
What can a rotator cuff injury lead to?
Trauma - vascular reaction - swelling - impingement (repeat) - cuff distruption - OA
Supraspinous tendinosus…
Resisted initial abduction - anterior greater tuberosity pain
Infraspinus tendinosus…
resisted - external - lateral rotation - posterior greater tuberosity
Subscapularus tendinosus…
resisted - internal - medial rotation - lesser tuberosity
Subacromial bursitis…
progressively disappears as arm is abducted to 180 degrees - greater tuberosity
