1.1 Phys definitions Flashcards
What is the equation for Mean Arterial Blood Pressure?
MABP= (HR*SV) *TPR
- HR= Heart Rate
- SV= Stroke Volumne
- TPR= total peripheral resistance
What controls HR, SV, TPR?
- HR controlled by sym. nervouse system
- SV controlled by preload and contractility
- TPR controlled by arterial vasoconstriction
In physiology you will learn that all of the systems are linked and interdependent.
Meaning?
Dysfunction in one system leads to compensation and/or dysfunction in other systems.
Physiology vs pathophysiology?
Phys= normal function. is what are automatic process, why, and how they are achieved. *Pathophys= ABnormal function. is what happens when automation process breaks down
intercellular vs intracellular
inter= BETWEEN cells intra= within cells
What are the 3 forms of intercellular communication we talked about?
1) nervouse communication
2) humoral communication
- telocrine
- paracrine
- autocrine
3) cell-to-cell communication
- juxtacrine
- gap junction
benefit of nervous communication
QUICKLY get info from A to B
explain telocrine communication?
humoral; info sent FAR away
explain paracrine commun.?
humoral; info sent to an adjacent NON-touching cell
explain autocrine comm.?
humoral; info binds to receptor on OWN surface
humoral communication depends on? Ex?
forms depend on distance
*Ex: blood
explain juxtacrine commun?
cell-to-cell; one cell has a cellular process that binds & engages with a receptor on another cell, physical link
explain gap junctions?
cell-to-cell; fused together for immediate comm
internal milieu means=
extracellular composition= internal invironment
extracellular vs intraceullar fluid? how much of each makes up total body water?
What is the rule?
- intra= INSIDE cell; 2/3 TBW
- extra= OUTSIDE cell; 1/3 TBW
60: 40:20 rule
two types of extraceullar fluid? which one do you have more of?
1) interstitial fluid= fluid surrounding cells NOT in vessels; about 3.5-4x more
2) plasma= fluid surrounding cells IN a vessel
homeostaticallycontrolled factors are regulated by?
sensor-effector-negative feedback loops; often bidirectionally
reflex
a specific involuntary, unpremediated, “built in” response to a stimulus
arc
the pathway and components of the reflex; each arc has afferebt (sensing) and efferent (motor) limbs
bidirectional control
ability to BOTH increase a controlled factor that is below its normal range AND to decrease a controlled factor that is above its normal range
controlling temp of body and glucose levels are examples of?
sensor effector negative feedback loops
set points for homeostasis can be ____ rather than static?
dynamic
many disease processes, signs, and symptoms are due to?
homeostatic dysregulation
protein activity is regulated by?
microenvironments “turning enzymes on and off”
why/how are homeostatically controlled factors regulated?
1) proteins function by binding stuff
2) proteeins function optimally within set points/narrow ranges
3) Anything that affect binding characteristicsof protein affect its function/activity (temp, pH, salt)
enzymes, membrane and nuclear receptors, channel pores, antibodies are all?
proteins
