wk 6 2 Effects of alcohol on liver Flashcards
units for men and women? estimates
14
pint =2.3
medium wine = 2.3
number of admissions per year due to alcohol
1 in 20
acute effects of alcohol on CNS, GI and Resp
CNS Accidents Violence Gastrointestinal Oesophagitis, Gastritis/ulceration Acute Pancreatitis Respiratory Overdose Aspiration
what are the chronic cardio effets of alcohol
hypertension
cardiomyopathy
MI
stroke
likely CNS chronic effects
neuropathy
cerebeller degeneration
dementia
wernicke-korsakoff’s syndrome
underage drinking effects on brain
smaller hippocampal memory areas
t/f alcohol can cause anaemia
true
suppress bone marrow too
define foetal alcohol syndrome
growth defiency, mental retardation/ intellectual impairment, attention learning disabilityies and behavioural problems due to drinking with foetus in uteroo
end product in alcohol metabolism
acetate
what product is the toxic effect on body due to alcohol metabolism
acetaldehyde
3 things which acetaldehyde causes
inflammation
hepatocyte damahe
stellate cell activation leading to fibrosis
which immune cell is required fro inflammation to occur in the kupffer cells
TNF-alpha
steatosis
fatty liver
steatosis can lead to
alcoholic hepatitis (may be reversed if alcohol stopped) cirrhosis
outline the spectrum of clinical features of ALD, as the liver starts as steatosis and then cirrhotic
malaise nausea hepatomegaly fever jaundice sepsis encephalopathy ascites renal failure death
signs of chronic liver disease
spider nevi fetor encephalopathy prolonged prothrombin time hypoalbuminaemia
signs of portal hypertension
caput medusa
hypersplenism
thromobcytopenia
how is cirrhosis graded
Childs-Turcotte-Pugh score
childs score is up to 15, what would get 2 points be
ascites - slight hepatic encephalopathy - grade 1/2 bilirubin 34.2-51.3 albumin 28-35 prothrombin time 4-6
alcoholic hepatitis appears as
recent excess alcohol bilirubin >80 exclusion of other liver diseases AST <500 hepatomegaly +/- fever+/- leucocytosis +/- hepatic bruit
glasgow score greater than 9 on day 1, percentage of 28 day survival
46
treatment for end stage liver disease and alcoholic hepatitis
abstinence
