wk 1 6 Clinical Anatomy of the GI tract

Question 1

muscle used to depress the mandible

Answer 1

masseter

Question 2

which type of papillae on the tongue is associated with general sensation

Answer 2

filliform papillae

Question 3

what is the peritoneum

Answer 3

serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity in most of the intra-abdmonial organs, composed of a layer of mesothelium and connective tissue

Question 4

4 functions of upper Gi tract

Answer 4

Mastication - chewing
Taste
Deglutition (swallowing)
Salivation

Question 5

which joint is important in mastication

Answer 5

temporomandibular

Question 6

3 components associated with temporomandibular joint

Answer 6

mandibular fossa
articular tubercle
head of condylar process

Question 7

nerve supplying the mandibular joint

Answer 7

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

CN V3

Question 8

the lateral and medial pterygoid join t to the pterygoid plates of he sphenoid bone in mastification, where do they join? which part joins? are they open or closed during?

Answer 8

lateral - condyle of mandible to pterygoid plate
open

medial - angle of mandible to pterygoid
closed

Question 9

two associated cavities of TMJ’s, divided by an articular disc called superior and inferior, function of each

Answer 9

superior - translation

inferior - rotation

Question 10

outline course of CNV3 (mandibular division of trigeminal nerve)

Answer 10

from pons
through foramen ovale
to muscles of mastification and sensory area

Question 11

if checking oral cavity, what must be asked

Answer 11

if theyve had any dental work

Question 12

4 papillae

Answer 12

foliate
vallate
fungiform
filliform

Question 13

what does the facial nerve supply

Answer 13

taste to anterior tongue (2/3rds)
muscles of facial expression
glands in floor of mouth

Question 14

course of facial nerve

Answer 14

from pontomedullary junction

through through temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus then stylomastoid foramen

Question 15

CN VII travels from the internal acoustic meatus, through the stylomastid foramen and then connects to the lingual nerve CNV3 at the chorda tympani, what does this supply

Answer 15

sublingual salivary gland

CN VII parasympathetic axons supplying (secretomotor) the submandibular salivary glands

Question 16

nerve supplying muscles of facial expresion

Answer 16

CN VII

Question 17

sensation of the oral cavity can be divided into the superior and inferior halfs, which nerves supply each

Answer 17

superior - CN V2

inferior - CN V3

Question 18

branches of CNV

Answer 18

CNV = Trigemnial

CNV1 - opthalmic division of CNV
CNV2 - maxillary nerve of CNV
CNV3- mandibular division of CNV

Question 19

which cranial nerve is associated with the gag reflex

Answer 19

CN IX

Question 20

which cranial nerves are associated with the motor part of the gag reflex

Answer 20

CNIX

CNX

Question 21

spraying a local anaesthetic blocks sensory action potentials to which cranial nerves (4)

Answer 21

CNV2+3
CNVII
CNIX

Question 22

course of CNV2 (maxillary)

Answer 22

from pons
through foramen rotundum
to mid-face

Question 23

course of CNIX

Answer 23

from medulla
through jugular foramen
to posterior wall of oropharynx (sensory) , parotid gland (secretomotor) and posterior tongue (sensation and taste)

Question 24

3 salivary glands

Answer 24

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

Question 25

where does parotid gland secrete

Answer 25

into mouth by uppper 2nd molar

Question 26

gland which secretes via lingual caruncle

Answer 26

submandibular duct, enters floor of mouth

Question 27

effect of duct clogging

Answer 27

swelling due to back up of secretions

Question 28

4 pairs of extrinsic skeletal muscle suspend the tongue in the oral cavity

Answer 28

gengioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus

Question 29

except the palatoglossus, which cranial nerve innervates the tongue muscles

Answer 29

CNXII - hypoglossal

Question 30

function of extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 30

change position of tongue during mastication, swallowing and speech

Question 31

function of intrinsic tongue muscles

Answer 31

modify shape of tongue during function

Question 32

pharynx is innervated by

Answer 32

CN X

Question 33

name given for junction between pharynx and oesophagus

Answer 33

cricopharyngeus - C6

Question 34

effect of longlitudinal muscles of the pharynx on the larynx

Answer 34

elevates the larynx towards the epiglottis during swallowing, reducing size of laryngeal inlet

Question 35

nerves supplying longlitudinal muscles of pharynx

Answer 35

CNIX and X

Question 36

nerve supplying the pharyngeal constrictor muscles

Answer 36

CNX

Question 37

effect of CNIX and CNX on pharyngeal muscles, what does this cause (3)

Answer 37

nerves contract muscles

this raises the larynx, shortening the pharynx and closes off the laryngeal inlet (stops aspiration)

Question 38

t/f autonomic motor nerves can influence ENS

Answer 38

true
para = inc peristalsis
sympa = dec peristalsis
ENS work independently of other nervous systems

Question 39

t/f oesophagus in contact with right atrium

Answer 39

false

in contact with left atrium

Question 40

constriction of oesophagus is done in cervical,thoracic,diaphragmatic via

Answer 40

cervical - cricopharyngeus muscle

thoracic - arch of aorta/ left main bronchus

diaphragm - result of passing through diaphragm

Question 41

lower oseophageal sphincter is said to physiological rather than anatomical, which factors produce the sphincter effect

Answer 41

contraction of diaphragm
intraabdominal pressure higher than intragastric pressure
angle at which oesophagus enters the cardia, reduces reflux

Question 42

effect of a hiatus hernia

Answer 42

will reduce effectiveness of lower oesphageal sphincter