wk 1 6 Clinical Anatomy of the GI tract Flashcards
muscle used to depress the mandible
masseter
which type of papillae on the tongue is associated with general sensation
filliform papillae
what is the peritoneum
serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity in most of the intra-abdmonial organs, composed of a layer of mesothelium and connective tissue
4 functions of upper Gi tract
Mastication - chewing
Taste
Deglutition (swallowing)
Salivation
which joint is important in mastication
temporomandibular
3 components associated with temporomandibular joint
mandibular fossa
articular tubercle
head of condylar process
nerve supplying the mandibular joint
mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
CN V3
the lateral and medial pterygoid join t to the pterygoid plates of he sphenoid bone in mastification, where do they join? which part joins? are they open or closed during?
lateral - condyle of mandible to pterygoid plate
open
medial - angle of mandible to pterygoid
closed
two associated cavities of TMJ’s, divided by an articular disc called superior and inferior, function of each
superior - translation
inferior - rotation
outline course of CNV3 (mandibular division of trigeminal nerve)
from pons
through foramen ovale
to muscles of mastification and sensory area
if checking oral cavity, what must be asked
if theyve had any dental work
4 papillae
foliate
vallate
fungiform
filliform
what does the facial nerve supply
taste to anterior tongue (2/3rds)
muscles of facial expression
glands in floor of mouth
course of facial nerve
from pontomedullary junction
through through temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus then stylomastoid foramen
CN VII travels from the internal acoustic meatus, through the stylomastid foramen and then connects to the lingual nerve CNV3 at the chorda tympani, what does this supply
sublingual salivary gland
CN VII parasympathetic axons supplying (secretomotor) the submandibular salivary glands
nerve supplying muscles of facial expresion
CN VII
sensation of the oral cavity can be divided into the superior and inferior halfs, which nerves supply each
superior - CN V2
inferior - CN V3
branches of CNV
CNV = Trigemnial
CNV1 - opthalmic division of CNV
CNV2 - maxillary nerve of CNV
CNV3- mandibular division of CNV
which cranial nerve is associated with the gag reflex
CN IX
which cranial nerves are associated with the motor part of the gag reflex
CNIX
CNX
spraying a local anaesthetic blocks sensory action potentials to which cranial nerves (4)
CNV2+3
CNVII
CNIX
course of CNV2 (maxillary)
from pons
through foramen rotundum
to mid-face
course of CNIX
from medulla
through jugular foramen
to posterior wall of oropharynx (sensory) , parotid gland (secretomotor) and posterior tongue (sensation and taste)
3 salivary glands
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
where does parotid gland secrete
into mouth by uppper 2nd molar
gland which secretes via lingual caruncle
submandibular duct, enters floor of mouth
effect of duct clogging
swelling due to back up of secretions
4 pairs of extrinsic skeletal muscle suspend the tongue in the oral cavity
gengioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus
except the palatoglossus, which cranial nerve innervates the tongue muscles
CNXII - hypoglossal
function of extrinsic muscles of the tongue
change position of tongue during mastication, swallowing and speech
function of intrinsic tongue muscles
modify shape of tongue during function
pharynx is innervated by
CN X
name given for junction between pharynx and oesophagus
cricopharyngeus - C6
effect of longlitudinal muscles of the pharynx on the larynx
elevates the larynx towards the epiglottis during swallowing, reducing size of laryngeal inlet
nerves supplying longlitudinal muscles of pharynx
CNIX and X
nerve supplying the pharyngeal constrictor muscles
CNX
effect of CNIX and CNX on pharyngeal muscles, what does this cause (3)
nerves contract muscles
this raises the larynx, shortening the pharynx and closes off the laryngeal inlet (stops aspiration)
t/f autonomic motor nerves can influence ENS
true
para = inc peristalsis
sympa = dec peristalsis
ENS work independently of other nervous systems
t/f oesophagus in contact with right atrium
false
in contact with left atrium
constriction of oesophagus is done in cervical,thoracic,diaphragmatic via
cervical - cricopharyngeus muscle
thoracic - arch of aorta/ left main bronchus
diaphragm - result of passing through diaphragm
lower oseophageal sphincter is said to physiological rather than anatomical, which factors produce the sphincter effect
contraction of diaphragm
intraabdominal pressure higher than intragastric pressure
angle at which oesophagus enters the cardia, reduces reflux
effect of a hiatus hernia
will reduce effectiveness of lower oesphageal sphincter
