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Gastrointestinal > wk 2 6 Malabsorbtion > Flashcards

wk 2 6 Malabsorbtion Flashcards

1
Q

define malabsorbtion and 3 catergories which can cause it

A

defective mucosal absorption

caused by defective luminal digestion, mucosal disease, structural disordersq

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2
Q

5 common causes of malabsorbtion

A 
coeliac 
crohns
post infectious
biliary obstruction 
cirrhosis
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3
Q

list 4 reasons that protein may not be digested

A

partial/total gastrectomy
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
trypsinogen deficiency
congenital deficiency of intestinal enterokinase

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4
Q

Cystinuria I-III
Oculocerebral syndrome of Lowe
SSB
these can cause protein malabsorption, list another 4

A

celiac disease
blue diaper syndrome
defects in neutral AA transporters
Jejunoileal bypass

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5
Q

fat malabsorption can occur in the digestive, absorptive and post absorptive phase. give a couple examples of what causes this for each

A

digestive - reduced mixing time, amyloidosis, biliary obsturction, decreased lipolysis, incr calcium

absorptive - decr chylomicron formed, celiac, abetaliproproteinemia (AR)

post - trauna, retroperitoneal fibrosis, defective lymphatic transport

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6
Q

alpha amylase defiency will cause malabsorption of

A

carbohydrates

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7
Q

celiac and crohns disease can cause malabsorption of carbohydrates. What phase would they both affect the body

A

absorptive

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8
Q

another name for VitB12

A

cobalamin

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9
Q

impaired peptin or acid secretion will cause atrophic gastritis, due to a defiency in what vitamin

A

vit B12

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10
Q

t/f helminths infection can cause defiency in folic acid

A

false

helminths infection will cause defiency in B12

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11
Q

which vitamin binds to R-protein, excreted by salivary glands

A

vitb12

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12
Q

alcoholism/celiac disease and diseases affecting the proximal small bowel can lead to a defiency in

A

folic acid

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13
Q

what will happen if there is a defiency in Fat soluble Vitamins (ADEK)

A

multiple defiencies

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14
Q

renal disease, hypoparathyroidism can lead do defiency of what mineral

A

calcium

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15
Q

celiac disease and bile acid disease may reduce intestinal surface area t/f

A

true
lead to calcium deficiency
may form long insoluble calcium soaps +fatty acid chains

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16
Q

magnesium deficiency caused by

A

loss of mucosal surface area

luminal binding by malabsorbed fatty acids

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17
Q

most common cause of iron deficiency

A

GI bleeding

mucosal surface area may also cause iron defciency

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18
Q

acrodermatitis enteropathica is a defect in

A

zinc transport

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19
Q

inherited disorder of cellular copper transport

A

menkes disease

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20
Q

coeliac disease is due to presenting of HLA-DQ2/8, explain what occurs

A

binds with dietary gluten peptides, activates T cells causing mucosal damage

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21
Q

typical symptoms of coeliac

A

weight loss
diarrhoea
excess flatus
abdominal discomfort

22
Q

diagnosis and treamtment for coeliac disease

A

tTGA test
biopsy confirms

Gluten free diet

23
Q

lactose malabsorption symptoms

A

diarrhoea
abdominal discomfort
flatulance following ingestion of dairy

24
Q

test used too diagnose lactose malabsorption

A

lactose breath hydrogen test

Oral lactose intolerance test may be used

25
Q

tropical sprue is the colonisatioin of the intestine by an infectious agent. Explain the symptoms and treatment

A

symptoms - diarrhoea steatorrhea, weight loss, nausea, anorexia, anaemia

treatment - tetracycline + folic acid

26
Q

define steatorrhea

A

abnormal excretion of fat

27
Q

which antigen causes whipples disease

A

tropheryma whipplei

incr HLA-B27

28
Q

t/f whipples affects multiple systems

A

true

29
Q 
weight loss
abdominal distension 
arthritis 
fever 
nutritional deficiency 
renal failure
which one is most likely to occur as a late stage in whipples disease
A

renal failure

30
Q

how is whipples disease diagnosed and treated

A

T.Whipplei in tissue

antimicrobial

31
Q

intestinal resections, enterocolic fistulas
sm. intestine bacrerial overgrowth
these may cause

A

crohns disease

32
Q

in crohns disease, the abdominal tenderness is usually located

A

RLQ

33
Q

other than endoscopy, CT, MRI, what can be done to diagnose crohns disease

A

barium iimaging of small bowel mucosal disease, including stricutres, ulcerations and fistulae

colonosscopy

34
Q

strictures

A

narrowing of body canal

35
Q

4 types of drugs given for crohns

A

steroids
immunosuppresants
anti-TNF
azathioprine 6-MPO

36
Q

likely area of pain associated with parasitic infection

A

epigastrium

37
Q

how is a parasitic infection diagnosed

A

stool examination (3)

38
Q

treatment of parasitic infections

A

metronidazole for 1 weekk

39
Q

likely bacteria found in small bowel bacterial overgrowth

A

e coli

bacteriodes

40
Q

2 features of lab results associated with small bowel bacterial overgrowth

A

low cobalamin

high folate levels

41
Q

signs of small bowel bacterial overgrowth

A

diverticula (bulges in lining of intestine)

fistula and strictures related to crohns disease

42
Q

treatment for smalll bacrerial overgrowth

A

surgical correction of anatomical blind loop

tetracyclines 2/3weeks

43
Q

areas which a GI history should cover

A 
Gi symptoms 
past med
travel 
social 
drug 
dietary
44
Q

if the patient has had …… (past med) may suspect malabsorption

A

gastric/ small bowel resection
GI diversion (bariatric)
radiation exposure
travel

45
Q

associations for diarrhoea

A 
duration 
malabsorbtive stool 
fat globules 
floating 
hard to flush away 
foul
46
Q

malabsorption may be indicated on examination due too… what 2 deficiencies cause tis

A

easy bruising

vit c (scurvy)
vit k
47
Q

areas which acrodermatitis enteropthica affetc, what causes

A

rash which is perioral and acral (alopecia too)

impaired zinc uptake

48
Q

which skin disease may indicate coeliac

A

dermartitis herpetiformis

49
Q

sub epiithelial IgA deposition is seen in which skin disease, causing itchy blisters

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

50
Q

glossitis and angular stromatitis is due to B vitamins and Iron, where would you see this on examination

A

red rash around mouth

51
Q

spooning of nails is due to

A

iron deficiency

52
Q

6 baseline investigations

A 
FBC 
coagulation 
Liver function test 
albumin (carrier for hormones, from liver) 
calcium/magnesium stool culture

Gastrointestinal (73 decks)

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