wk 2 3 pathology of small bowel COPY Flashcards
entire blood supply of sm. intestine (except small part of duodenum)
superior mesenteric artery
2 causes of mesenteric arterial occlusion
mesentery artery atherosclerosis
thromboembolism from heart
other than occlusion, what else can cause ischaemia of small bowe l
non occlusive perfusion insufficiency
shock - trauma diverts blood away from intestines
strangulation - obstructs venous return (hernia, adhesion)
drugs (cocaine - vasospasm)
hyperviscosity
which part of intestines is most sensitive to hypoxia
internal aspect of mucosa
longer period of hypoxia leeads to
greater ischaemia, therefore deeper necrosis
if the ischaemia is transmural, what may this lead to
past mucosa and mural, lead to gangrene and may cause death
meckels diverticulum is due too
incomplete regression of vistelo-intestinal duct, embryological link betwen gut and yolk sack
forms fistulla
Meckels diverticulum may cause
bleeding
perforation
diverticulitis, mimics appenditicis
commonly assymptomatic
t/f primary tumours of the small intstines is rare
true
secondary tumours of small bowel are common, where are the likely areas of these primary tumourss
ovary
colon
gastric
3types of primary tumours of small bowel which is most common
lymphomas - most common
carcinoid tumours
carcinomas
colour of carcinoid tumours
yellow - small and slow growing
what does carcinoid tumours produce
hormone like substances
carcinoma of small bowel is associated to what 2 diseases
crohn’s disease
coeliac disease
pathology of acute appenditicis
acute inflammation (neutrophils)
mucosal ucleration
serosal congestion, exudate
pus in lumen
complications of appendicitis
peritonitis rupture abscess fistula - appendix - epithelial tract organ sepsis and liver abscess
associated diseases with coeliac disease
type 1 diabetes
protein associated with coeliac disease
gliadin - component of gluten
what causes the loss of enterocytes in coeliac disease
IEL mediated damage, more destroyed than produced
lloss of villous structure
child diagnosed with coeliac disease by
serology - anti-TTG (4 is normal)
metabolic effcts of coelliac disease
malabsorption of sugars, fats, amino acids, water and electrolyres
fat malabsorption - steatorrhea
reduced intestinal hormone production, reduced pancratic secretion leadig to gallstones
