Weeks 4-6 Worksheet Questions Flashcards
What are some general teaching points to give patients taking any anti-bacterial medications?
- Finish the medication as prescribed
- Take your OWN medication
- Do NOT stop taking the med
- Take the medication on time and the right dose
What are side effects common to all antibacterial drugs and why?
Thrush
Yeast infection
Diarrhea
Because antibacterial drugs kills off the bacteria causing the infection, but also kills off the normal flora that provides a level of protection for us.
What are possible signs and symptoms of an anaphylactic infection?
- Low BP
- Chest tightness
- Hives and rash
- Rapid irregular pulse
How is the administration of Vancomycin different than other antibacterial drugs and why?
You give this drug slowly over an hour because if it is given too quickly the pt will develop Red Man syndrome (Side effect)
What are some specific essential teaching points to give to patients taking fluoroquinolones?
- Never eva give to pregnant patients
2. They cause tendon rupture, neurotoxicity, cardiovascular problems
What are some specific essential teaching points to give to patients taking tetracyclines?
- Never eva give to pregnant patients
2. They cannot be taken with food or dairy because they will be more effective on an empty stomach
A 74 y/o woman is prescribed trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole. What type of drug is this and how does it work?
- Metabolism Inhibitor that works by inhibiting the folic acid production so it doesnt grow
Is it okay for the pt to stop taking the drug (trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole) as soon as symptoms are gone? Why or why not?
No because the pt will build up a resistance and the drug will be less effective
What are the side effects of trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole?
- Photosensitivity
- Headache
- Skin rash
- Fever
What precautions and actions will you teach the pt about this drug therapy? (trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole)
- Avoid sunlight
- Take with full glass of water
- Drink more water to prevent crystalluria
- If they notice a rash forming, instruct them to go to the ER and contact prescriber
Define: Teratogen
An agent that can cause birth defects
Define: Retrovirus
A virus that uses RNA as its genetic material
Define: Virulence
Measure of how well an organism can invade and grow
Define: Virustatic
Drug action that prevent viral growth and reproduction
Define: Viral Load
Number of viral particles in a blood sample
Define: Common virus
Virus that can use either DNA or RNA as its genetic material
Define: HIV
Organism that causes AIDS
Define: Opportunistic infection
Overgrowth of normally present organisms
A nurse is teaching a patient who is beginning HAART for HIV infection about ways to prevent medication resistance. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about resistance?
Taking medication at the same times daily without skipping doses minimizes resistance.
In general, what is the appropriate teaching for pregnant patients and antiretroviral medications?
HAART are recommended to be taken by HIV-positive pregnant women because the virus can cross the placenta and infect the fetus.
When these drugs are taken as prescribed, they can reduce the chances of fetal infection.
What are the most common potential adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy?
Jaundice and skin rashes / liver toxicity and anemia
