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Pharmacology > Week 7: Chapter 27 and Chapter 28 Study Guide > Flashcards

Week 7: Chapter 27 and Chapter 28 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Trade name: fluoxetine

A

Prozac

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2
Q

Trade name: lithium carbonate

A

Listhonate

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3
Q

Trade name: trazodone

A

Desyrel

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4
Q

Trade name: paroxetine

A

Paxil

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5
Q

Trade name: thiothixene

A

Navane

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6
Q

Trade name: clonazepam

A

Klonopin

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7
Q

Trade name: duloxetine

A

Cymbalta

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8
Q

Trade name: citalopram

A

Celexa

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9
Q

Trade name: escitalopram

A

Lexapro

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10
Q

Trade name: risperidone

A

Risperdal

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11
Q

Trade name: diazepam

A

Valium

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12
Q

Trade name: alprazolam

A

Xanax

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13
Q

A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor blocks the reuptake of _______________, making it more available to act on ______________ in the brain.

A

Serotonin

Receptors

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14
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants act by blocking the reuptake of ____________ and __________, making more of these substances available to act on receptors in the brain.

A

Norepinephrine

Serotonin

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15
Q

Other terms for antipsychotic drug are _____________ _______________, and ______________.

A

major tranquilizers

neuroleptics

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16
Q

Another term for an antianxiety drug is _________________.

A

Anxiolytic

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17
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is associated with ____________________ temperature, __________________ pulse, __________________, _______________ respiratory rate, and ________________ or ______________ blood pressure.

A 
elevated
elevated 
elevated 
elevated 
decreased
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18
Q

Anxiety:

A

Feeling of dread about perceived danger or threat

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19
Q

Bipolar D/o

A

Alternating episodes of mania and depression

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20
Q

Depression:

A

Feelings of sadness, despair, loss of energy, and difficulty coping

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21
Q

Delusions:

A

Fixed false beliefs or opinions that are resistant to reason

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22
Q

Dysthymia:

A

Persistently low moods; less severe than depression

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23
Q

Hallucinations:

A

Sensory perceptions not actually present

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24
Q

Illusions:

A

Incorrect mental representations of misinterpreted events

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25
Q

Major depression:

A

Persistent low mood and lack of pleasure in life with an increased risk of suicide

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26
Q

Mania:

A

Extremely elevated mood with mental and physical hyperactivity

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27
Q

OCD:

A

Obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions

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28
Q

Panic disorders:

A

Unexpected attacks of anxiety or terror lasting 15 - 30 minutes

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29
Q

PTSD:

A

Anxiety D/O caused by serious traumatic events

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30
Q

Patient is taking venlafaxine, duloxetine, or bupropion are at risk for ________________.

A

Seizures

31
Q

PTs on mitrazapine are at increased risk for infection because of:

A

Neutropenia

32
Q

Because of their abuse potential, _________________ drugs are contraindicated for pts with a substance abuse D/O.

A

Benzodiazepines

33
Q

Pts taking quetiapine may experience an alteration in _____________________ ____________________ ______________________.

A

Body Temperature Regulation

34
Q

A pt who has been taking the benzodiazepine chlordiazepoxide (Librium) for anxiety reports after 2 weeks of therapy that she is feeling much calmer. This is a result of the enhanced inhibitory effects of which neurotransmitter?

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

35
Q

A pt who have prescribed lorazepam (Ativan) for 2 months suddenly stopped taking it because she felt so much better. Now she reports restlessness, weakness, and insomnia. You should instruct her to call the prescriber and make an appointment immediately because of what risk associated with benzodiazepine withdrawl?

A

Seizures

36
Q

A pt who is in her second trimester of pregnancy is experiencing emotional difficulty at home and asks her HCP for a prescription for lorazepam (Ativan) to help her cope. Why is this drug contraindicated for this pt?

A

The fetus can become dependent on the drug

37
Q

A pt who has been taking sertraline (Zoloft) daily for 10 days reports that the medication has not helped with anxiety. What should the nurse tell the pt?

A

You must give the drug time because it usually takes several weeks to be effective

38
Q

A pt who has begun treatment with 25 mg of chlorpromazine (Thorazine) BID. You should instruct the pt to be sure to practice which precaution?

A

Change positions and get up slowly

39
Q

A pt has recently begun taking citalopram (Celexa) for symptoms of depression. You should monitor the pt for which common S/E?

A
  1. Insomnia
  2. Anorexia
  3. Increased sweating
40
Q

A group of individuals is participating in a support session to help with depression. Which pt statement would warrant an immediate notification of his or her health care provider?

A

“If things don’t improve I’ll have no reason to live anymore”

41
Q

A pt who has taken chlorpromazine (Thorazine) has developed symptoms of muscle rigidity, elevated temperature, increased RR, and elevated pulse and BP. In addition, the pt has become less responsive to verbal stimuli. Which A/E has this pt developed?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

42
Q

Before giving clozapine (Clozaril) to a pt, you assess th pts smoking history. What is the reason for this assessment?

A

Smoking may decrease the effectiveness of clozapine

43
Q

Which statement made by a pt best indicated that the pt correctly understands that correct use of olanzapine (Zyprexa)?

A

“I won’t take this drug with grape fruit juice to avoid excessive blood levels”

44
Q

An older adult has been taking lithium and develops nausea and vomiting. Which intervention is most appropriate?

A

Contact the prescriber for possible parenteral fluids

45
Q

A class of nonbenzodiazepine sedative hypnotics that interacts with the same receptor side that benzodiazepine drugs do, turning on the receptors that induce sleep:

A

Benzodiazepine receptor agonists

46
Q

Drugs that promote sleep by targeting signals in the brain to produce calm and ease agitation

A

Sedatives

47
Q

A class of drugs that depress the CNS by binding to GABA receptors resulting in hypnotic and sedating effects; they are used mainly to control symptoms of anxiety or stress

A

Benzodiazepines

48
Q

Drugs used to treat allergies and allergic reactions. Some, such as diphenhydramine (Allerdryl/ Benadryl) and dimenhydrinate (Dramamine / Gravol) have sedating effects and are available OTC:

A

Antihistamines

49
Q

A class of drugs formed from barbituric acid that induces sedation and general depression over all CNS function:

A

Barbiturates

50
Q

Trade name: Lunesta

A

eszopiclone

51
Q

Trade name: Dalmane

A

flurazepam

52
Q

Trade name: ProSom

A

estazolam

53
Q

Trade name: Restoril

A

temazepam

54
Q

Trade name: Ambien

A

zolpidem

55
Q

Trade name: Sonata

A

zaleplon

56
Q

Trade name: Seconal

A

secobarbial

57
Q

Benzodiazepines depress the CNS by binding to ________________ _____________.

A

GABA receptors

58
Q

_________________ induce general depression over all CNS functions.

A

Barbiturates

59
Q

_______________ and _______________ function are inhibited by barbiturates.

A

Motor

Sensory

60
Q

Antihistamines produce __________________ and ___________________ ___________________.

A

Drowsiness

Mild sedation

61
Q

Drugs for insomnia are metabolized by the ___________________ and excreted by the _________________.

A

Liver

Kidney

62
Q

A pt taking eszopiclone should be warned that serious A/E of this drug are ______________ and ___________ ___________.

A

Sleepwalking

Sleep driving

63
Q

A pt with reduced liver function who is taking a drug to treat insomnia may have a(n) ________________ drug level.

A

Higher

64
Q

A pt has taken and overdose of benzodiazepine. What is the reversal agent? __________________. How is it administered? __________________.

A

romazicon (Flumazenil)

IV

65
Q

Romazicon (Flumazeril) should not be given to a pt who has a(n) __________________ _________________.

A

Seizure D/O

66
Q

Benzodiazepines are prescribed for a short term treatment for which reason?

A

They are habit forming

67
Q

In addition to treatment for insomnia, barbiturates are used in management of which condition?

A

Epilepsy

68
Q

Which intervention is most appropriate when administering a medication to treat insomnia?

A

Remind the pt to change positions slowly

69
Q

A pt is taking a benzodiazepine receptor agonist for the first time at home. Which is the most appropriate instruction to give?

A

Have another person stay with you the first time you take this.

70
Q

A pt requests information about taking zolpidem during an overnight airplane flight that lasts 5-6 hours. What information should the nurse provide?

A

This may cause a transient memory loss

71
Q

A pt has had an overdoese of benzodiazepine. In addition to treatment with the reversal agent, the pt will need continued monitoring for which A/E?

A

Respiratory depression

72
Q

Which considerations apply to an older adult who is taking a drug to treat insomnia?

A

Safety precautions are necessary to prevent falls

73
Q

A mother who is breastfeeding an infant requests information on drugs to treat insomnia. Which information is most appropriate to provide?

A

The breastfed infant could be sedated by the medication

74
Q

A pt will be taking flurazepam 30 mg this evening. The pt should monitored for which of the following S/E?

A

Daytime drowsiness
Blurred vision
Confusion

Pharmacology (55 decks)

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