Week 5: Chapter 8

Question 1

What is the most important question to ask any patient before he or she starts antibacterial therapy?

Answer 1

Do you have any known drug allergies?

Question 2

Which aminoglycoside antibacterial drug is often prescribed to treat TB?

Answer 2

streptomycin

Question 3

Indicated which cephalosporin drugs are third generation:

Answer 3

1. cefdinir (Spectracef)
2. ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
3. cefpodoxime (Vantin)

Question 4

Which drug group has the adverse reactions of reducing hearing and kidney function?

Answer 4

Aminoglycosides

Question 5

Which drugs should be avoided for newborns and infants unless an infection is so severe that it is life threatening:

Answer 5

1. amikacin (Amikin)
2. demeclocycline (Declomycin)
3. moxifloxacin (Avelox)
4. trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)

Question 6

Antibacterial drugs that are toxic to the kidneys (nephrotoxic) are more likely to be toxic to which other organ or tissue?

Answer 6

Ears

Question 7

Which antibacterial drug is more commonly associated with “red man syndrome”?

Answer 7

vancomycin (Vancocin)

Question 8

A pt. prescribed to take oral penicillin tells you that all of the following problems occurred the last time she took penicillin. Which problem is a true allergic reaction?

Answer 8

Hives and rash

Question 9

Why should a pt. who has a bacterial infection and who is immunosuppressed be treated with a drug that is bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic?

Answer 9

The effectiveness of the bacteriostatic drug relies on the patients immune system to eradicate the infectious bacteria

Question 10

A pt. who has been taking tetracycline for a week tells you that a cheesy which substance on the gums and roof of the mouth has appeared. What is your best suggestion?

Answer 10

Brush your teeth at least 3x a day and use mouth wash to help clear up this infection

Question 11

When you check on a patient receiving cefazolin (Kefzol) IV 15 min. after the drug was started, the patient tells you, “I cant swallow and my chest hurts and I feel like something bad is going to happen, but I don’t know what” What do you do first?

Answer 11

Stop the drug infusion

Question 12

What is the most important action or precaution to teach a patient prescribed to take any antibacterial drug?

Answer 12

Always take the drug for as long as it was prescribed

Question 13

Which drug can cause a tendon rupture in a patient who also takes a corticosteroid daily?

Answer 13

levofloxacin (Levaquin)

Question 14

Which drugs can cause photosensitivity and increase the risk for severe sunburn?

Answer 14

1. erythromycin (E-mycin)
2. lomefloxacin (Maxaquin)
3. minocycline (Dynacin)
4. sulfasoxazole (Gantrisin pediatric)

Question 15

The nurse is assessing a patient who has been taken antibacterial drugs for an infection. What signs indicate that these drugs are decreasing the infection? (select all that apply)

Answer 15

1. Body temperature within normal limits

2. Decreased redness and drainage at infection site

Question 16

The nurse is teaching a patient who has community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) about how to prevent its spread in the home. What statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Answer 16

Everyone should wear a face mask

Question 17

To avoid “red man syndrome” when administering vancomycin (Vancocin), how should the nurse give the medication?

Answer 17

IV over at least a 60 min period

Question 18

A patient on an intravenous antibiotic reports itchiness and a “lump” in the throat. What should the nurse do next?

Answer 18

Stop the infusion

Question 19

A patient is taking oral tetracycline. Which statement by the patient to the nurse indicates a need of further education about the drug?

Answer 19

I should take the capsule with food or milk

Question 20

The nurse is discharging a patient with a prescription for a cell wall synthesis inhibitor. What instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply)

Answer 20

1. Shake the suspension before measuring the drug
2. Call EMS for difficulty breathing or a “lump” in the throat
3. Call the prescriber if a rash develops

Question 21

The nurse is discharging a child with a prescription for an antibiotic. The nurse knows that what antibiotic has drug side effects for children, but not for adults?

Answer 21

Tetracyline (Sumycin)

Question 22

Which conditions or problems are associated with an anaphylactic allergic reaction to an antibacterial drug? (select all that apply)

Answer 22

1. Low BP
2. Hives at IV site
3. Sensation of a “lump” in the throat
4. Rapid irregular pulse

Question 23

A patient is taking fluoroquinolones. What response by the patient indicates a need for the nurse to give the patient further education about these drugs?

Answer 23

I might develop diabetes while taking these drugs

Question 24

The nurse is caring for a patient taking sulfonamides. The nurse knows what adverse effects are known to occur with this drug? (select all that apply)

Answer 24

1. Anemia
2. Jaundice
3. Crystals that form and clump in the kidney
4. Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Question 25

The nurse is going to administer a protein synthesis inhibitor to a patient. The nurse knows that what drug groups are included in this category? (select all that apply)

Answer 25

1. Aminoglycosides 2. Macrolides 3. Tet`racyclines

Question 26

A patient who is taking antibiotics calls the prescriber’s office and reports having diarrhea. What is the prescriber’s best response?

Answer 26

Describe your diarrhea to me

Question 27

The nurse is caring for a patient taking a few antibiotics. What two serious adverse effects do vancomycin (Vancocin) and aminoglycosides have in common?

Answer 27

Reduced hearing and kidney function

Question 28

The nurse is discharging a patient with a prescription for linezolid (Zyvox). What dietary restriction should the nurse instruct the patient to follow?

Answer 28

Avoid aged cheese, smoked meats, soy, and red wine