Week 7: Chapter 20 Study Guide Questions Flashcards
What is the category of the drug: darbepoetin alfa (Aransep)
Colony-Stimulating Factor
What is the category of the drug: warfarin (Coumadin)
Clotting Factor Stimulus
What is the category of the drug: ticlopidine (Ticlid)
Antiplatelet
What is the category of the drug: t-PA
Thrombolytic
What is the category of the drug: clopidogrel (Plavix)
Antiplatelet
What is the category of the drug: tenecteplase (TNKase)
Thrombolytic
What is the category of the drug: tirofiban (Aggrastat)
Antiplatelet
What is the category of the drug: reteplase (Retavase)
Thrombolytic
What is the category of the drug: epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit)
Colony-stimulating factors
What is the category of the drug: eptifibatide (Integrilin)
Antiplatelet
What is the category of the drug: heparin
Thrombin inhibitor (Indirect)
What is the category of the drug: oprelvekin (Neumega)
Colony-stimulating factor
What is the category of the drug: aspirin
Antiplatelet
What is the category of the drug: enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Thrombin inhibitor (indirect)
Clotting factor synthesis inhibitors (warfarin {Coumadin} decrease the production of clotting factors in the ___________________.
Liver, specifically vitamin K dependent clotting factors
_____________ drugs break down fibrin in an already formed clot.
Fibrinolytic { lytic (loosen) }
Thrombin inhibitors block the action of _________ which converts _________ to __________ to form clots.
Thrombin
Fibrinogen
Fibrin
_____________ are drugs that interfere with blood clotting, preventing the activation of platelets.
Antiplatelet
Travels through the bloodstream and blocks vessels:
Embolus
Process by which blood clots form:
Coagulation
Protein essence of a blood clot:
Fibrin
Blood clot in a vessel or the heart:
Thrombus
Profuse bleeding:
Hemorrhage
Converts fibrinogen to fibrin:
Thrombin
Blood test used to report results of warfarin anticoagulation:
INR
_______________ combine with proteins in the plasma to stick together and form a clot.
Platelets
Vitamin K is the antidote for _______________.
warfarin (Coumadin)
Rubbing the injection side after administering subcutaneous heparin is likely to cause:
Bruising
Colony-stimulating factors increase the patients risk for hypertension, blood clots, strokes, and hear attacks because of increased blood __________ and __________ retention.
Viscosity
fluid
When a pt is taking an anticoagulant medication, a careful medication history review is completed. Which OTC and herbal medications could cause additional bleeding?
- Aspirin
- Ginkgo biloba
- St. Johns Wort
A pt who is pregnant has a venous thromboembolism. Which medication will most likely be prescribed?
Heparin
Which statement best demonstrates a patients understanding of how warfarin (Coumadin) works to help after heart valve replacement surgery?
- It will make me bruise and bleed more easily, so I must be careful
- New clots will not form as easily in my heart valves
- Any clots that I still have will not get any bigger
Which lab tests are used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin administration to a pt who has had a venous thromboembolism (VTE)?
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPPT)
A pt who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) therapy is instructed to avoid which foods?
- Spinach
- Kale
- Broccoli
A pt on renal dialysis who is anemic is most likely to be administered which medication?
Epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit)
A pt who is taking a clotting factor synthesis inhibitor such as warfarin (Coumadin) should be monitored for which serious A/E?
Head aches that are severe and will not go away
What are important lifespan considerations for an older adult who is taking warfarin (Coumadin)?
- Aspirin increases the action of warfarin
- Older adults are more likely to develop bruises and bleeding
- Older adults need more frequent monitoring of INR
Which important instruction should be included when teaching patients about colony-stimulating factor therapy?
Remind the patient to keep scheduled lab appointments for blood tests to monitor therapy
Several pts are receiving heparin. Which medication must be available on the unit as an antidote?
Protamine sulfate
Before administering a thrombolytic drug, the nurse assesses for which absolute contraindication?
Recent spinal or cerebral surgery
Diet instructions have been provided to a pt who will be taking warfarin (Coumadin) for several weeks. Which menu selection indicates the need for further instructions?
Spinach salad with bacon dressing
A pt has recently been given an intravenous injection of heparin. Which vital sign changes should be reported as signs of a hemorrhage?
Decreased blood pressure and increased pulse
