Week 8: Chapter 23 Study Guide

Question 1

Define: Antacids

Answer 1

Drugs that neutralize stomach acids

Question 2

Define: Barrett’s Esophagus

Answer 2

Complication of severe chronic GERD

Question 3

Define: Dyspepsia

Answer 3

Indigestion

Question 4

Define: Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)

Answer 4

Muscular ring located where the esophagus joins the stomach

Question 5

Define: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Answer 5

Upper endoscopy exam of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine

Question 6

Define: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Answer 6

Esophageal irritation due to stomach acid backing up

Question 7

Define: Gastric Ulcer

Answer 7

Open sore in the stomach lining

Question 8

Define: H. Pylori

Answer 8

Bacteria that cause gastric inflammation

Question 9

Define: H2 Blocker

Answer 9

Drugs that block the effects of histamine

Question 10

Define: Peritonitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the abdominal cavity

Question 11

Define: Regurgitation

Answer 11

Backward flow of stomach contents

Question 12

What percentage of people in the U.S. develop an ulcer during their lifetime?

Answer 12

10%

Question 13

Of the following causes of gastric ulcers, which one is primary?

Answer 13

H. pylori

Question 14

Which weakened sphincter muscle causes GERD?

Answer 14

Lower esophageal

Question 15

Which dietary factors contribute to reflux?

Answer 15

1. Caffeine
2. Nicotine
3. Chocolate
4. Alcohol
5. Red meats
6. Peppermint

Question 16

When ________ exceeds mucus production, the risk of ulcers increases.

Answer 16

Acid production

Question 17

List 4 symptoms of a gastric ulcer:

Answer 17

1. Vomiting blood (bright red or black)
2. Dark blood in stool
3. Nausea or vomiting
4. Belching
5. Unexplained weight loss
6. Chest pain

Question 18

Usually the pain of a peptic ulcer is located between the _________ and _________.

Answer 18

Umbilicus

Sternum

Question 19

_________ ________ after a meal may prevent irritation of the esophagus associated with GERD.

Answer 19

Chewing gum

Question 20

Chronic GERD can lead to serious complications such as _________ _________ and _________ _________.

Answer 20

Barrett’s Esophagus

Esophageal Cancer

Question 21

Decrease in secretion of gastric acid:

Answer 21

Histamine H2 blockers

Question 22

Block the secretion of gastric acid:

Answer 22

Proton pump inhibitors

Question 23

Form a thick coating that covers an ulcer to protect it from further damage:

Answer 23

Cytoprotective drugs

Question 24

Neutralize stomach acids:

Answer 24

Antacids

Question 25

Increase lower esophageal sphincter tone and help empty the stomach:

Answer 25

Promotility drugs

Question 26

Treat H. pylori infections:

Answer 26

Antibiotics

Question 27

Patients taking large doses of antacids containing calcium or aluminum salts over a long period of time are at risk for developing:

Answer 27

Constipation

Question 28

Patients taking Milk of Magnesia for indigestion over a long period of time are likely to develop:

Answer 28

Diarrhea

Question 29

Antacids such as Alka-Seltzer or Bromo-seltzer are contraindicated for Pts who have:

Answer 29

Heart failure

Question 30

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) is contraindicated in children because of the risk of developing:

Answer 30

Reye’s syndrome

Question 31

A patient is to take 15 mL of Maalox at bed time. What is the household equivalent of this dose?

Answer 31

1/2 oz - 1 tbsp - 3 tsp

Question 32

Which lab test are monitored for pts who are taking niaztimide (Axid) or cimetidine (Tagemet)?

Answer 32

Complete blood count

Liver function test

Question 33

A 14 y/o pt who weighs 143 kg is prescribed clarithromycin (Biaxin) for H. pylori infection. The recommended children’s dose is 15 mg / kg orally in 2 divided doses. What is the correct does in mg for each of the doses given in 1 day?

Answer 33

488 mg

Question 34

Long term use of proton pump inhibitors could lead to which conditions?

Answer 34

1. Gastric infections

2. Anemia

Question 35

Which statement demonstrates a patients understanding of therapy with cytoprotective drugs for treatment of GERD?

Answer 35

I must take this drug for as long as my Dr. prescribed

Question 36

During a follow up assessment of a pt taking metoclpramide (Reglan) for treatment of GERD you observe an elevated temperature, respiratory distress, tachycardia, and diaphoresis, and urinary incontinence. What is the priority action in this situation?

Answer 36

Notify the prescriber

Question 37

An older adult has been prescribed cimetidine (Tagamet). What is a lifespan consideration for this pt. ?

Answer 37

Older adults are more likely to experience dizziness and confusion

Question 38

A pt asks how the proton pump inhibitors lansoprazole (Prevacid) will help the symptoms of GERD. How does the nurse repond?

Answer 38

It blocks the action of acid-secreting cells in your stomach

Question 39

A pt has been taking metoclopramide (Reglan) for several months to treat GERD. The pt is noted to have uncontrolled jerking-type movements of the mouth and face. She has puckering lips, and has rapid movements of the tongue. These symptoms are consistent with the development of which of the following A/E?

Answer 39

Tardive dyskinesia

Question 40

Which pt statement best indicates a correct understanding of why the antibiotic clarithromycin (Biaxin) has been prescribed along with another medication for ulcers?

Answer 40

It treats infection with H. pylori

Question 41

An older adult will be taking metoclopramide (Reglan) to treat symptoms of GERD. Which safety instruction is most crucial to provide?

Answer 41

Sit up slowly from a resting position

Question 42

You are assisting a patient to set up a schedule for taking sucralfate (Carafate) to treat an ulcer. Which is the most appropriate schedule for this medication?

Answer 42

One hour before meals and at bed time

Question 43

A patient taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) to treat an ulcer. The pt reports having constipation, gray-black stools, and a gray-colored tongue. What is the most likely explanation of this?

Answer 43

These are common S/E of the medication