Week 8: Chapter 23 Study Guide Flashcards
Define: Antacids
Drugs that neutralize stomach acids
Define: Barrett’s Esophagus
Complication of severe chronic GERD
Define: Dyspepsia
Indigestion
Define: Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)
Muscular ring located where the esophagus joins the stomach
Define: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
Upper endoscopy exam of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
Define: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Esophageal irritation due to stomach acid backing up
Define: Gastric Ulcer
Open sore in the stomach lining
Define: H. Pylori
Bacteria that cause gastric inflammation
Define: H2 Blocker
Drugs that block the effects of histamine
Define: Peritonitis
Inflammation of the abdominal cavity
Define: Regurgitation
Backward flow of stomach contents
What percentage of people in the U.S. develop an ulcer during their lifetime?
10%
Of the following causes of gastric ulcers, which one is primary?
H. pylori
Which weakened sphincter muscle causes GERD?
Lower esophageal
Which dietary factors contribute to reflux?
- Caffeine
- Nicotine
- Chocolate
- Alcohol
- Red meats
- Peppermint
When ________ exceeds mucus production, the risk of ulcers increases.
Acid production
List 4 symptoms of a gastric ulcer:
- Vomiting blood (bright red or black)
- Dark blood in stool
- Nausea or vomiting
- Belching
- Unexplained weight loss
- Chest pain
Usually the pain of a peptic ulcer is located between the _________ and _________.
Umbilicus
Sternum
_________ ________ after a meal may prevent irritation of the esophagus associated with GERD.
Chewing gum
Chronic GERD can lead to serious complications such as _________ _________ and _________ _________.
Barrett’s Esophagus
Esophageal Cancer
Decrease in secretion of gastric acid:
Histamine H2 blockers
Block the secretion of gastric acid:
Proton pump inhibitors
Form a thick coating that covers an ulcer to protect it from further damage:
Cytoprotective drugs
Neutralize stomach acids:
Antacids