Week 8: Chapter 22 and Chapter 24

Question 1

Which type of drug is used for nausea / vomiting causes food to move more quickly through the GI tract?

Answer 1

Dopamine antagonists

Question 2

Which antiemetic drugs can cause patients to experience decreased sweating, increasing the risk of body overheating?

Answer 2

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

Question 3

For which S/E must you notify the prescriber when a patient is taking metoclopramide (Reglan)?

Answer 3

Depression

Question 4

Which drug prescribed to relieve constipation is a lubricant?

Answer 4

Glycerin suppository

Question 5

Which electrolyte abnormality must you monitor for when a patient is prescribed Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)?

Answer 5

Hypocalcemia

Question 6

Which drug when prescribed for diarrhea slows the movement of stool through the bowl?

Answer 6

Loperamide (Imodium)

Question 7

Which drug should not be prescribed to small children because of increased risk for development of Reye’s Syndrome?

Answer 7

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

Question 8

Which action of promethazine (Phenergan) helps prevent nausea and vomiting?

Answer 8

Inhibiting the vomiting reflex pathways

Question 9

Which actions should you take before giving an antinausea drug (select all that apply)?

Answer 9

1. Listen for active bowl sounds
2. Look for abdominal distension
3. Check the pts electrolyte values
4. Ask the patient about usual diet intake

Question 10

What do you teach a pt who is prescribed prochlorperazine (Compazine)?

Answer 10

This drug can cause your urine to change color to pink or reddish-brown

Question 11

A child taking chemotherapy drugs for cancer is prescribed metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting. For which S/E do you monitor?

Answer 11

Muscle spasms for the jaw

Question 12

Which electrolyte do you monitor carefully when a patient who has persistent diarrhea?

Answer 12

Potassium

Question 13

What actions must you be sure to take before giving any drug for constipation (Select all the apply)

Answer 13

1. Listen for active bowl sounds
2. Check for abdominal distension
3. Prepare a full glass of fluid to give with oral drugs
4. Ask about the patients normal bowl habits

Question 14

After giving a drug for constipaiton, how many mL of fluid do you instruct the patient to drink everyday?

Answer 14

1500 - 2000

Question 15

What is the dosage of a drug for constipation for a child between 6 - 12 y/of/age?

Answer 15

One half of the adult dose

Question 16

Which vitamin supplement can prevent some types of blindness?

Answer 16

Vitamin A

Question 17

What is the most common S/E of enteral feeding supplements?

Answer 17

Diarrhea

Question 18

What must be done before beginning the first enteral supplementation through a feeding tube?

Answer 18

Get an X-ray to check placement

Question 19

Which teaching point about vitamin and mineral supplements is accurate?

Answer 19

Do not take more than one supplement unless instructed to do so by the prescriber

Question 20

What precaution must be taken for children who are prescribed chewable vitamin and mineral supplements?

Answer 20

Keep supplements out of reach of children

Question 21

Which vitamins and minerals are essential for bone health (select all that apply)

Answer 21

1. Calcium
2. Phosphorus
3. Vitamin D

Question 22

The pt is receiving an enteral nutritional supplement. For which major S/E should you monitor?

Answer 22

Diarrhea

Question 23

What priority action must be taken after a patient is administered an intermittent enteral nutritional supplement through a feeding tube?

Answer 23

Flush the feeding tube to prevent clogging

Question 24

Which important teaching point will be included when teaching a pt about iron supplements?

Answer 24

This mineral may cause stools to appear black

Question 25

Which vitamin must you caution a woman who plans to become pregnant to avoid taking in excess?

Answer 25

Vitamin A

Question 26

A patient who is taking routine promethazine (Phenergan) reports that her tongue suddenly seems to “have a mind of its own.” What is your best response?

Answer 26

“Stop the medication and notify your prescriber immediately.”

Question 27

Why must a patient taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) be taught to avoid taking aspirin?

Answer 27

The drug contains aspirin, and additional aspirin may cause tinnitus.

Question 28

The nurse is caring for a patient with diarrhea. What problems is a patient with diarrhea at risk for? (select all that apply)

Answer 28

1. Dehydration

2. Electrolyte imbalance

Question 29

A nurse is about to give a patient a drug for constipation. What information is most crucial for the nurse to remember?

Answer 29

Do not give to a patient with undiagnosed abdominal pain.

Question 30

A nurse gave a patient an antidiarrheal drug. After giving the drug, what sign of toxic megacolon is it important for the nurse to monitor the patient for?

Answer 30

Abdominal distention

Question 31

A patient complains about motion sickness. What antihistamine would you expect to be prescribed for this patient?

Answer 31

Meclizine (Dramamine)

Question 32

A normally healthy patient asks the nurse about how to prevent constipation. What teaching points can be offered to this patient about preventing constipation that are not associated with a medical condition? (select all that apply)

Answer 32

1. Eat a high-fiber diet

2. Increase physical activity

Question 33

A nurse is monitoring a patient who has been taking metoclopramide (Reglan). What are the symptoms of the adverse effect neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients who take this drug? (select all that apply)

Answer 33

1. Elevated body temperature
2. Seizures
3. Diaphoresis

Question 34

A newly admitted patient has bee diagnosed with GI disorder. What part of the GI system does the nurse tells the patient makes the difference between having diarrhea, a normal stool, and constipation?

Answer 34

Large bowel

Question 35

A hospital patient was given a bulk-forming drug for constipation 24 hours ago and now reports that it has not worked. What is your best response?

Answer 35

“They take 12 hours to 3 days to be effective.”

Question 36

A pediatric nurse is caring for a child with diarrhea. Which antidiarrheal drug should be avoided in children?

Answer 36

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

Question 37

The nurse is going to administer a patient a dose of promethazine (Phenergan) and is reviewing information about the drug. What is a serious adverse effect of this drug?

Answer 37

Tissue necrosis after undiluted intravenous (IV) administration

Question 38

A chemotherapy patient is complaining about having a lot of nausea/vomiting. What antiemetic would you expect to administer to this patient to manage the nausea/vomiting?

Answer 38

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Question 39

A patient reports that his bowel movements are not normal. What is your best response?

Answer 39

“Describe what you mean by ‘not normal.’”

Question 40

A patient with a history of depression has been prescribed an antiemetic. What drug should be avoided?

Answer 40

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Question 41

A patient who is taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) is concerned because his bowel movements are gray-black. What is your best response?

Answer 41

“This is a normal side effect of bismuth subsalicylate.”