Week 8: Chapter 22 and Chapter 24 Flashcards
Which type of drug is used for nausea / vomiting causes food to move more quickly through the GI tract?
Dopamine antagonists
Which antiemetic drugs can cause patients to experience decreased sweating, increasing the risk of body overheating?
Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
For which S/E must you notify the prescriber when a patient is taking metoclopramide (Reglan)?
Depression
Which drug prescribed to relieve constipation is a lubricant?
Glycerin suppository
Which electrolyte abnormality must you monitor for when a patient is prescribed Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)?
Hypocalcemia
Which drug when prescribed for diarrhea slows the movement of stool through the bowl?
Loperamide (Imodium)
Which drug should not be prescribed to small children because of increased risk for development of Reye’s Syndrome?
Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
Which action of promethazine (Phenergan) helps prevent nausea and vomiting?
Inhibiting the vomiting reflex pathways
Which actions should you take before giving an antinausea drug (select all that apply)?
- Listen for active bowl sounds
- Look for abdominal distension
- Check the pts electrolyte values
- Ask the patient about usual diet intake
What do you teach a pt who is prescribed prochlorperazine (Compazine)?
This drug can cause your urine to change color to pink or reddish-brown
A child taking chemotherapy drugs for cancer is prescribed metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting. For which S/E do you monitor?
Muscle spasms for the jaw
Which electrolyte do you monitor carefully when a patient who has persistent diarrhea?
Potassium
What actions must you be sure to take before giving any drug for constipation (Select all the apply)
- Listen for active bowl sounds
- Check for abdominal distension
- Prepare a full glass of fluid to give with oral drugs
- Ask about the patients normal bowl habits
After giving a drug for constipaiton, how many mL of fluid do you instruct the patient to drink everyday?
1500 - 2000
What is the dosage of a drug for constipation for a child between 6 - 12 y/of/age?
One half of the adult dose
Which vitamin supplement can prevent some types of blindness?
Vitamin A
What is the most common S/E of enteral feeding supplements?
Diarrhea
What must be done before beginning the first enteral supplementation through a feeding tube?
Get an X-ray to check placement
Which teaching point about vitamin and mineral supplements is accurate?
Do not take more than one supplement unless instructed to do so by the prescriber
What precaution must be taken for children who are prescribed chewable vitamin and mineral supplements?
Keep supplements out of reach of children
Which vitamins and minerals are essential for bone health (select all that apply)
- Calcium
- Phosphorus
- Vitamin D
The pt is receiving an enteral nutritional supplement. For which major S/E should you monitor?
Diarrhea
What priority action must be taken after a patient is administered an intermittent enteral nutritional supplement through a feeding tube?
Flush the feeding tube to prevent clogging
Which important teaching point will be included when teaching a pt about iron supplements?
This mineral may cause stools to appear black
Which vitamin must you caution a woman who plans to become pregnant to avoid taking in excess?
Vitamin A
A patient who is taking routine promethazine (Phenergan) reports that her tongue suddenly seems to “have a mind of its own.” What is your best response?
“Stop the medication and notify your prescriber immediately.”
Why must a patient taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) be taught to avoid taking aspirin?
The drug contains aspirin, and additional aspirin may cause tinnitus.
The nurse is caring for a patient with diarrhea. What problems is a patient with diarrhea at risk for? (select all that apply)
- Dehydration
2. Electrolyte imbalance
A nurse is about to give a patient a drug for constipation. What information is most crucial for the nurse to remember?
Do not give to a patient with undiagnosed abdominal pain.
A nurse gave a patient an antidiarrheal drug. After giving the drug, what sign of toxic megacolon is it important for the nurse to monitor the patient for?
Abdominal distention
A patient complains about motion sickness. What antihistamine would you expect to be prescribed for this patient?
Meclizine (Dramamine)
A normally healthy patient asks the nurse about how to prevent constipation. What teaching points can be offered to this patient about preventing constipation that are not associated with a medical condition? (select all that apply)
- Eat a high-fiber diet
2. Increase physical activity
A nurse is monitoring a patient who has been taking metoclopramide (Reglan). What are the symptoms of the adverse effect neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients who take this drug? (select all that apply)
- Elevated body temperature
- Seizures
- Diaphoresis
A newly admitted patient has bee diagnosed with GI disorder. What part of the GI system does the nurse tells the patient makes the difference between having diarrhea, a normal stool, and constipation?
Large bowel
A hospital patient was given a bulk-forming drug for constipation 24 hours ago and now reports that it has not worked. What is your best response?
“They take 12 hours to 3 days to be effective.”
A pediatric nurse is caring for a child with diarrhea. Which antidiarrheal drug should be avoided in children?
Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
The nurse is going to administer a patient a dose of promethazine (Phenergan) and is reviewing information about the drug. What is a serious adverse effect of this drug?
Tissue necrosis after undiluted intravenous (IV) administration
A chemotherapy patient is complaining about having a lot of nausea/vomiting. What antiemetic would you expect to administer to this patient to manage the nausea/vomiting?
Ondansetron (Zofran)
A patient reports that his bowel movements are not normal. What is your best response?
“Describe what you mean by ‘not normal.’”
A patient with a history of depression has been prescribed an antiemetic. What drug should be avoided?
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
A patient who is taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) is concerned because his bowel movements are gray-black. What is your best response?
“This is a normal side effect of bismuth subsalicylate.”
