Week 5: Chapter 9 Flashcards
Which result is the expected outcome of antiviral therapy?
Viral replication is suppressed
For what viral infection is ribavirin most commonly used?
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Which food, drug, or beverage should patients be taught to avoid while taking adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera)?
Acetaminophen
What is the most common S/E of drugs from the protease inhibitor class?
Liver toxicity
Which antiretroviral drug belongs to the integrase inhibitor class?
dolutegravir (TIVICAY)
Which antiretroviral drugs are not approved for use in children (select all that apply):
- maraviroc (Selzentry)
- raltegravir (Isentress)
- rilpivirine (EDURANT)
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is prescribed for a patient who takes phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure control. How should drug therapy for this patient be altered?
The phenytoin (Dilantin) dose should be increased because acyclovir reduces its effectiveness
Which health care professional should avoid caring for a patient receiving ribavirin by aerosol inhalation?
A 29 y/o who is two months pregnant
Why does rimantadine (Flumadine) have fewer nervous system side effects than amantadine (Symmetrel)?
Remantadine concentrates more in the respiratory system and less in the brain than amatadine
Which precaution is most important to teach a patient prescribed to take zanamivir (Relenza)?
Avoid using a spacer
A patient who is prescribed a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is flying to a wedding and will be gone 1 day. He asks if he can skip his drugs that day so that he doesn’t have to show them all at the airport. What is your best response?
No, even 1 day off the drugs can help the virus become more drug resistant
Which statement made by a patient prescribed to take lamivudine (Epivir) orally daily indicates correct understanding of therapy with this drug?
I will avoid fatty foods and fried foods
A patient who is starting aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole) is being cared for by his pregnant wife at home. The nurse instructs the caregiver that, until after the baby is born, she should do what?
Avoid administering the drug
An older adult is taking aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole). The patient is pale and easily fatigued. The nurse knows that what adverse reaction is this patient most likely experiencing?
Lowered RBC count
The nurse is caring for a child who is HIV positive. The nurse knows that what types of medication can safely be used in children with this condition? (select all that apply)
- NNRTIs (NonNucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor)
- Fusion inhibitors
- NRTIs (Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
The nurse is teaching a patient how to use the zanamivir (Relenza) inhaler for influenza A. The patient also has asthma, which is controlled with bronchodilators. What important information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Take the bronchodilator at least 5 min. before the zanamirvir dose
The nurse is assessing a patient who is ordered to get oral ribavirin (Copegus). What baseline assessments should the nurse complete before administering this drug? (select all that apply)
- Presence of jaundice 2. Hearing test
- Pregnancy status
- Time of last antacid dose
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient. The nurse tells the patient to avoid fatty foods while taking what drug?
Abacavir (Ziagen)
The nurse is caring for a patient taking Amantadine (Symmetrel) or rimantadine (Flumadine) The nurse knows that these medications are used to primarily treat which viral infection?
Influenza A
The nurse is ordered to give maraviroc (Selzentry) to a patient. What adverse effect caused by this drug increases a patient’s risk for falls?
Hypotension
Which statements about common viruses are correct? (select all that apply)
- Common viruses have a lower efficiency of infection than retroviruses
- Most people become ill when infected by a specific virus only once
- Common viruses can only reproduce when they have infected a living cell
A patient has been prescribed acyclovir (Zovirax). What actions must the nurse perform regarding this drug order? (select all that apply)
- Assess the patients use of phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Use sterile water for injection
- Administer the drug over 60 min.
- Instruct the patient to drink at least 3 L of fluid daily
The nurse is caring for a patient with an HIV infection. The nurse knows that the patient has to be tested for a response to which retroviral drug therapy first to ensure that the HIV infection is likely to respond to that therapy?
Entry inhibitors
What are the two most common adverse effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)?
Liver toxicity and hyperglycemia
