Week 5: Chapter 9

Question 1

Which result is the expected outcome of antiviral therapy?

Answer 1

Viral replication is suppressed

Question 2

For what viral infection is ribavirin most commonly used?

Answer 2

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Question 3

Which food, drug, or beverage should patients be taught to avoid while taking adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera)?

Answer 3

Acetaminophen

Question 4

What is the most common S/E of drugs from the protease inhibitor class?

Answer 4

Liver toxicity

Question 5

Which antiretroviral drug belongs to the integrase inhibitor class?

Answer 5

dolutegravir (TIVICAY)

Question 6

Which antiretroviral drugs are not approved for use in children (select all that apply):

Answer 6

1. maraviroc (Selzentry)
2. raltegravir (Isentress)
3. rilpivirine (EDURANT)

Question 7

Acyclovir (Zovirax) is prescribed for a patient who takes phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizure control. How should drug therapy for this patient be altered?

Answer 7

The phenytoin (Dilantin) dose should be increased because acyclovir reduces its effectiveness

Question 8

Which health care professional should avoid caring for a patient receiving ribavirin by aerosol inhalation?

Answer 8

A 29 y/o who is two months pregnant

Question 9

Why does rimantadine (Flumadine) have fewer nervous system side effects than amantadine (Symmetrel)?

Answer 9

Remantadine concentrates more in the respiratory system and less in the brain than amatadine

Question 10

Which precaution is most important to teach a patient prescribed to take zanamivir (Relenza)?

Answer 10

Avoid using a spacer

Question 11

A patient who is prescribed a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is flying to a wedding and will be gone 1 day. He asks if he can skip his drugs that day so that he doesn’t have to show them all at the airport. What is your best response?

Answer 11

No, even 1 day off the drugs can help the virus become more drug resistant

Question 12

Which statement made by a patient prescribed to take lamivudine (Epivir) orally daily indicates correct understanding of therapy with this drug?

Answer 12

I will avoid fatty foods and fried foods

Question 13

A patient who is starting aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole) is being cared for by his pregnant wife at home. The nurse instructs the caregiver that, until after the baby is born, she should do what?

Answer 13

Avoid administering the drug

Question 14

An older adult is taking aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole). The patient is pale and easily fatigued. The nurse knows that what adverse reaction is this patient most likely experiencing?

Answer 14

Lowered RBC count

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a child who is HIV positive. The nurse knows that what types of medication can safely be used in children with this condition? (select all that apply)

Answer 15

1. NNRTIs (NonNucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor)
2. Fusion inhibitors
3. NRTIs (Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)

Question 16

The nurse is teaching a patient how to use the zanamivir (Relenza) inhaler for influenza A. The patient also has asthma, which is controlled with bronchodilators. What important information should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Answer 16

Take the bronchodilator at least 5 min. before the zanamirvir dose

Question 17

The nurse is assessing a patient who is ordered to get oral ribavirin (Copegus). What baseline assessments should the nurse complete before administering this drug? (select all that apply)

Answer 17

1. Presence of jaundice 2. Hearing test
2. Pregnancy status
3. Time of last antacid dose

Question 18

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient. The nurse tells the patient to avoid fatty foods while taking what drug?

Answer 18

Abacavir (Ziagen)

Question 19

The nurse is caring for a patient taking Amantadine (Symmetrel) or rimantadine (Flumadine) The nurse knows that these medications are used to primarily treat which viral infection?

Answer 19

Influenza A

Question 20

The nurse is ordered to give maraviroc (Selzentry) to a patient. What adverse effect caused by this drug increases a patient’s risk for falls?

Answer 20

Hypotension

Question 21

Which statements about common viruses are correct? (select all that apply)

Answer 21

1. Common viruses have a lower efficiency of infection than retroviruses
2. Most people become ill when infected by a specific virus only once
3. Common viruses can only reproduce when they have infected a living cell

Question 22

A patient has been prescribed acyclovir (Zovirax). What actions must the nurse perform regarding this drug order? (select all that apply)

Answer 22

1. Assess the patients use of phenytoin (Dilantin)
2. Use sterile water for injection
3. Administer the drug over 60 min.
4. Instruct the patient to drink at least 3 L of fluid daily

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a patient with an HIV infection. The nurse knows that the patient has to be tested for a response to which retroviral drug therapy first to ensure that the HIV infection is likely to respond to that therapy?

Answer 23

Entry inhibitors

Question 24

What are the two most common adverse effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)?

Answer 24

Liver toxicity and hyperglycemia

Question 25

The nurse is discharging a patient with a prescription for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) drugs. What is the most important thing the nurse needs to teach the patient about these drugs to prevent the development of drug-resistant mutations in the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) organism?

Answer 25

The HAART doses exactly as prescribed

Question 26

The nurse is discharging a patient with prescriptions for antiviral and antiretroviral drugs. What is the most important point the nurse needs to teach the patient?

Answer 26

Take these drugs exactly as prescribed

Question 27

The nurse is about to administer a statin-type lipid-lowering drug. The nurse knows that the risk of what adverse effect increases when raltegravir (Isentress) is taken with this type of drug?

Answer 27

Rhabdomyolysis

Question 28

An older adult patient who is taking amantadine (Symmetrel) is concerned about a weight gain of 5 lb in the last few days. What should the nurse do next?

Answer 28

Tell the patient to call the prescriber