Week 9: Chapter 21 Flashcards
What is the goal for drug therapy for asthma and or COPD?
To improve airflow and reduce symptoms
Which drugs are long-acting beta agonists?
- formoterol (Floradil)
2. Salmetrol (Serevent)
Which beta-adrenergic agonist is most effective as a rescue drug?
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
A pt who rx a bronchodilator 20 min ago now has all of the following response. For which of the following do you notify the prescriber immediately?
Chest pain on exertion
Which symptoms or conditions are S/E of cholinergic antagonist drugs?
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
Which drug classes are used as therapy for pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH)?
- Endothelin-receptor antagonist
- Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- Prostacyclin agents
- Vitamin K antagonists
When a pt is prescribed an inhaled bronchodilator and an inhaled corticosteroid at the same time, why must he/she wait 5 min after using the bronchodilator before using the inhaled corticosteroid?
Giving the bronchodilator first allows the inhaled corticosteroid to be more effective
Which S/S in a pt who is using a short-acting beta agonist (SABA) as a rescue drug indicates that he/she is using the inhaler very frequently?
Tremors
A pt who has COPD asks what exactly guaifenesin (Mucinex) does to help him breathe better. What is your best answer?
It thins your lung secretions making it easier for you to cough them out
Which problem indicates that a pt may be excessively using his/her beclomethasone (QVAR) inhaler?
The presence of thick white cheesy material on the tongue and roof of the mouth
What is the most important point to teach a pt using a long-acting beta agonist (LABA)?
Take the drug daily as prescribed even when you have no symptoms
Which precaution should you teach a woman taking bosentan (Tracleer)?
Use a reliable form of contraception
A nurse just administered a prescribed rescue bronchodilator to a patient experiencing an asthma attack. What signs indicate that the drug is effective? (select all that apply)
- Decrease RR
- Improved positive expiratory rate flow (PERF) by at least 15%
- Decreased or absent wheezes
A nurse is discharging a patient with a new prescription for an aerosol inhaler without a spacer. What are accurate teaching tips for this patient? (select all that apply)
- “Open your mouth and place the mouthpiece 1 to 2 inches away.”
- “Wait 1 minute between puffs of the medication.”
- “Clean the plastic case and cap of the inhaler with warm running water.”
Why are mucolytics helpful in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Mucus becomes less sticky and is easier to cough up.
A patient asks how prescribed corticosteroids help with her breathing. What is your best response?
“They reduce inflammation that narrows the airways.”
The nurse is performing discharge teaching to a patient with a prescription for an aerosol inhaler with a spacer. What teaching tip for using an aerosol inhaler with a spacer is correct?
Insert the mouthpiece of the inhaler into the non-mouthpiece end of the spacer.
A nurse is teaching a patient whose peak expiratory rate flow (PERF) reading is 85% of the patient’s personal best. What should the nurse teach the patient to do next with regard to his or her prescribed asthma medications?
Take controller medications as ordered.
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient prescribed an inhaled anti-inflammatory. What side effect is the patient at risk for when taking this drug?
Thrush
A nurse is caring for a patient with asthma who has been ordered to receive a bronchodilator and another inhalation drug. How should the nurse administer both drugs at the same time to this patient?
Give the bronchodilator 5 minutes before the other drug.
A patient with COPD is being given a mucolytic. What drug is typically administered using a nebulizer face mask?
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
The nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of asthma. The nurse tells the patient what factors can trigger an asthma attack? (select all that apply)
- Cold dry air
- Aspirin
- Microorganism
A patient with asthma has a positive expiratory rate flow reading of 60% of the personal best. Which type of medication would you expect the patient to take at this point?
Short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (SABA)
A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a patient admitted with a respiratory diagnosis. What respiratory disorder is actually a combination of two disorders?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
A nurse has been ordered to administer a dry-powder inhaler to a patient. What should be done first before giving this drug?
Keep the inhaler in a dry place at room temperature.
A patient is taking an inhaled anticholinergic agent. What side effect can occur if this agent reaches the bloodstream?
Headache