Week 11: Chapter 26 Study Guide

Question 1

Trade name of: Namenda

Answer 1

mematine

Question 2

Trade name of: Aricept

Answer 2

donepezil

Question 3

Trade name of: Exelon

Answer 3

rivastigmine

Question 4

Trade name of: Reminyl

Answer 4

galantamine

Question 5

What drug category is: entacapone (Comtan)

Answer 5

COMT inhibitor

Question 6

What drug category is: selegiline (Eldepryl)

Answer 6

MAOB inhibitor

Question 7

What drug category is: pramipexole (Mirapex)

Answer 7

Dopamine antagonist

Question 8

What drug category is: apomorphine (Apokyn)

Answer 8

Dopamine antagonist

Question 9

What drug category is: tolcapone (Tasmar)

Answer 9

COMT inhibitor

Question 10

What drug category is: rasagiline (Azilect)

Answer 10

MAOB inhibitor

Question 11

What drug category is: benztropine (Cogentin)

Answer 11

Anticholinergic

Question 12

What drug category is: ropinirole (Requip)

Answer 12

Dopamine antagonist

Question 13

What drug category is: trihexyphenidyl (Artane)

Answer 13

Anticholinergic

Question 14

What drug category is: bromocriptine (Parlodel)

Answer 14

Dopamine antagonist

Question 15

What drug category is: carbddopa/ levodopa (Sinemet)

Answer 15

Dopamine antagonist

Question 16

A progressive, incurable condition that destroys brain cells, gradually causing loss of intellectual abilities:

Answer 16

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 17

The loss of intellectual functions of sufficient severity to interfere with a persons daily functioning:

Answer 17

Dementia

Question 18

A unique type of cell found in the brain and body that is specialized to process and transmit information:

Answer 18

Neuron

Question 19

A chemical substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse:

Answer 19

Neurotransmitter

Question 20

A progressive d/o of the nervous system marked by muscle tremors, muscle rigidity, decreased mobility, stooped posture, slowed voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression:

Answer 20

Parkinson’s disease

Question 21

Cholinesterase/ acetylcholinesterase inhibitors __________________ the activity of the ________________ acetylcholinesterase.

Answer 21

Reduce

Enzyme

Question 22

_____________________ ___________________ block cholinergic nerve impulses to help control muscle movements.

Answer 22

Anticholinergic drugs

Question 23

Dopaminergic/ dopamine agonists increase the amount of _______________ _________________ in the brain.

Answer 23

Dopamine activity

Question 24

Alzheimer’s disease affects ______ % of people over the age of 65, and as many as ______% of people over the age 85.

Answer 24

10%

50%

Question 25

Parkinson’s disease most commonly begins between the ages ______ and _____.

Answer 25

50

75

Question 26

In Parkinson’s disease, nerve cells degenerate in part of the basal ganglia called the _________ ________.

Answer 26

Substantia nigra

Question 27

Before administering apomorphine (Apokyn), the nurse should obtain appropriate equipment to administer the medication by which route?

Answer 27

Subcutaneous

Question 28

Due to the progressive effects of Alzheimer’s disease, what must the nurse assess in a pt with the disease before administering oral medication?

Answer 28

Ability to swallow

Question 29

What must family and pts be taught about administration of time-release forms of medication?

Answer 29

Do NOT open or crush

Question 30

A family member asks the nurse for assistance with “sorting out and organizing” medications for a pt who has Alzheimer’s disease. Which medication is being given for which d/o?

Answer 30

Aricept: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treats Alzheimer’s disease

Question 31

Which drug for Alzheimer’s disease reduces the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase that breaks down acetylcholine in the synapses of neurons?

Answer 31

galantamine (Reminyl)

Question 32

A pt who is taking donepezil (Aricept) for Alzheimer’s disease should be monitored for symptoms of which of the following A/E?

Answer 32

Seizures
Atrial fibrillation
Muscle weakness

Question 33

A nursing assistant in a long-term care facility reports that a pt with Alzheimer’s disease choked several time during breakfast this morning. Which action is best to take before giving sustained-released galantamine (Razadyne) to the pt?

Answer 33

Assess the pts swallowing ability before giving the medication

Question 34

Which statement by the family member indicates a correct understanding about the use of memantine (Namenda) for Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 34

I will keep the medication stored in a safe location

Question 35

An older woman with AD is very frail, weighing only 94 lbs. The nurse is reviewing the pts med record and notes that donepezil (Aricept) 10 mg PO at bedtime has been prescribed. What is the best action to take?

Answer 35

Consult with the prescriber about the drug dosage

Question 36

A pt who is taking entacapone (Comtan) reports feeling weak and achy recently. What question should the nurse ask the pt next?

Answer 36

What color is your urine

Question 37

A pt who is taking ropinirole (Requip) to treat PD should be watched carefully for which potentially dangerous effect?

Answer 37

Episodes of falling asleep suddenly

Question 38

A pt who is taking selegiline (Eldepryl) proudly announces he will be attending a college graduation party for his grandson. Which item must the pt avoid when taking this medication?

Answer 38

Beer

Question 39

An older adult who is taking medication for PD should be cautioned to use extra care when walking because of which drug response?

Answer 39

Confusion and hallucination