Week 4: Chapter 15 and Chapter 31

Question 1

Which drug is a potassium-sparing diuretic?

Answer 1

Spironolactone

Question 2

Which two blood electrolyte levels must you check before giving a patient a loop diuretic such as furosemide (Lasix) [Category: Natriuretic Diuretic]?

Answer 2

Sodium and potassium

Question 3

Which foods would you teach a patient prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (Oretic) {Thiazide Diuretic} [Category: Natriuretic Diuretic] to consume?

Answer 3

Bananas and broccoli

Question 4

Which consideration applies to older adults prescribed loop diuretic therapy?

Answer 4

Increased risk for falls `

Question 5

Which S/E is common when a patient is prescribed a drug for an OAB (over active bladder)

Answer 5

Dry mouth

Question 6

A patient prescribed furosemide (Lasix) has a potassium level of 3.4 mEq/L. What is your best action?

Answer 6

Hold the drug and notify the prescriber

Question 7

Before giving a thiazide diuretic such as hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril), the patients potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L Which assessment takes priority at this time?

Answer 7

Heart rate and rhythm

Question 8

A patient is prescribed a daily IV dose of furosemide (Lasix). To ensure the safety of the patient, what action do you take before and after administering this drug?

Answer 8

Assess the IV for patency

Question 9

A 50 y/o patient prescribed furosemide (Lasix) is preparing for discharge. Which teaching points will you include with discharge teaching?

Answer 9

1. Urine output can increase dramatically
2. You may need to develop skin sensitivity , so wear protective clothing and stay out of direct sunlight
3. Report any decrease in hearing or ringing in the ears

Question 10

A patient prescribed oxybutynin (Ditropan) asks you why his mouth and eyes are dry. What is your best reponse?

Answer 10

These are common side effects of drugs to treat OAB

Question 11

What must you teach an older adult being discharged with a prescription for a loop diuretic?

Answer 11

1. Be sure to get up slowly
2. Be sure to each foods that are rich in potassium like bananas and broccoli
3. If you experience any new muscle weakness, make sure you report it to your prescriber
4. You may need to se the volume of your radio and tv at a higher level

Question 12

How much weight gain do you report to the prescriber for a patient who is prescribed a drug for overactive bladder?

Answer 12

More than 2 lb/a day

Question 13

Which symptoms or problems can develop as a result of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? (select all that apply)

Answer 13

1. Inadequate sleep and rest
2. UTI
3. Kidney failure

Question 14

A patient receiving diuretic therapy tells the nurse that “I almost passed out today when I first got out of bed.” What is the nurse’s best response?

Answer 14

Sie on the side of your bed for a minute before you stand up

Question 15

The nurse is discharging a patient who has been given a prescription for a potassium-sparing diuretic. What teaching point is correct about this drug?

Answer 15

Works in a place in the nephron different from the action of other diuretics

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking a diuretic. The nurse knows that diuretics are often prescribed for people who have what type of health problems? (elect all that apply)

Answer 16

1. Heart failure
2. Kidney disease
3. Liver disease
4. High BP (hypertension)

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a patient with a renal system problem. The nurse knows that what part of the renal system removes waste products, excess water, sodium, and potassium from the blood and reabsorbs clean water, blood cells, proteins, and large particles?

Answer 17

Nephron

Question 18

A patient who is prescribed a diuretic voices concern to the nurse because yesterday’s morning dose was missed. What is the nurse’s best response?

Answer 18

Take your normal dose today

Question 19

Upon reviewing the medication history for a new patient, the nurse notifies the prescriber after discovering that potassium supplements or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are being taken with which drug?

Answer 19

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Question 20

Drugs for OAB (urinary antispasmodics) are prescribed to treat and improve symptoms, including frequent urination, urgency of urination, and urinary incontinence. These drugs decrease the spasms of what muscle?

Answer 20

Detrusor

Question 21

A patient is prescribed medication for an overactive bladder (OAB). What information should the nurse be sure to include in the patient’s teaching plan? (select all that apply)

Answer 21

1. Dry mouth is a common S/E
2. Dry eyes
3. Do NOT drive until it is determined how or if the drug effects your vision

Question 22

A patient who is taking urinary antispasmodics tells the nurse about a planned trip to the beach the following week. What is the nurse’s best response?

Answer 22

Stay cool and drink lots of water to avoid heat stroke

Question 23

What are the common side effects of diuretic drugs? (select all that apply)

Answer 23

1. Hypokalemia
2. Hypomagnesemia
3. Postural (orthostatic) hypotension
4. Light headedness

Question 24

Which are signs and symptoms of dehydration? (select all that apply)

Answer 24

1. Decreased BP
2. Skin tenting on the chest or forehead
3. Thirst
4. Constipation

Question 25

The nurse is caring for a patient taking chlorothiazide (Diuril), a thiazide diuretic. The nurse knows that this drug is typically prescribed for what condition?

Answer 25

Congestive heart failure

Question 26

A patient who is newly prescribed furosemide (Lasix) tells the nurse about having trouble hearing. What should the nurse do first?

Answer 26

Assess how long the patient has has the hearing loss

Question 27

The medical surgical nurse just received an order for mannitol (Osmitrol), an osmotic diuretic, from the prescriber. What statement is correct about this type of diuretic?

Answer 27

Only used in critical situations

Question 28

The nurse is discharging a patient with a prescription for spironolactone (Aldactone). What is the proper dietary instruction for this patient?

Answer 28

Avoid salt substitutes

Question 29

The nurse is caring for a patient with congestive heart failure. The nurse knows that what loop diuretic is typically used to treat this problem?

Answer 29

Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 30

A patient taking a thiazide diuretic reports muscle weakness and cramps to the nurse and indicates that urinary output has decreased. What is the nurse’s best initial response?

Answer 30

Take your potassium pill

Question 31

Which are the two main groups of drugs used to treat BPH?

Answer 31

DHT inhibitors (Selective A-1 or BPH)

Question 32

The patient prescribed tamsulosin (Flowmax) asks you how this drug will help his benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). What is your best response?

Answer 32

It relaxes smooth muscle tissue in the prostate, neck, of the bladder, and the urethra

Question 33

Which action is most important before administering Tamsulosin (Flowmax) to a patient?

Answer 33

Check the patients BP lying, sitting, and standing

Question 34

Which precaution is most important to teach a patient prescribed tamsulosin (Flowmax) for treatment of BPH?

Answer 34

Do NOT take this drug if you are allergic to sulfa drugs

Question 35

An older adult male is prescribed finasteride (Proscar) for BPH. Which age related teaching point will you be sure to include during discharge teaching?

Answer 35

Be sure to have your annual screening for prostate cancer

Question 36

The nurse is planning to administer a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) inhibitor drug to a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). How does this drug work?

Answer 36

Binds to the enzyme that normally converts testosterone to DHT

Question 37

A patient taking alpha-1 blockers is having cataract surgery. The nurse knows that what problem can occur during this surgery?

Answer 37

Floppy iris syndrome

Question 38

The nurse is caring for a male patient who has been on BPH drugs. The nurse knows that these drugs are metabolized by which organ (s)?

Answer 38

Liver

Question 39

The nurse is giving a male patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) a dose of doxazosin (Cardura) which is a selective alpha-1 blocker. What is the action of this drug?

Answer 39

Relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate

Question 40

The nurse is discharging a male patient with a prescription for a DHT inhibitor to treat his benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). What is the most common side effect of this class of drugs?

Answer 40

Decreased interest in sexual activity

Question 41

The nurse is about to administer a selective alpha-1 blocker, Tamsulosin (Flomax), to a patient being treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The nurse makes sure to check the patient for what drug allergy?

Answer 41

Sulfa

Question 42

The nurse is admitting a 65-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). What is a common symptom of BPH?

Answer 42

Nocturia