Week 7 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans

A

inflammatory thrombotic process resulting from vasculitis

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2
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans affects

A

peripheral blood vessels (arteries and veins)

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3
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans there is
_________ formation
Vasospasm occluding and eventually obliterating

A

thrombus
small and medium sized vessels of the hands and feet

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4
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans high incidence in

A

smoker men < 40 y

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5
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans Clinical Manifestations

A

pain and tenderness

reduced blood flow and O2

Intermittent claudication of the
arch of the foot or palm of the hand
- Pain may be asymmetrical and varied in its location

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6
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans other symptoms

A

Edema, cold sensitivity, rubor,

cyanosis, thin shiny hairless skin, paresthesias,

diminished or absent pulses

Ulceration and gangrene

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7
Q

Thromboangiitis Obliterans Management

A

Cessation of smoking

Improving circulation to the affected part

vasodilators and pain relief

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8
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases usually occur as a result of

A

atherosclerosis

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9
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases other causes

A

Trauma, thrombus or embolism,

vasculitis, vasomotor disorders (spasm),

polycythemia, chronic mechanical irritation

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10
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases in brain results in

A

results in hemiplegia, weakness, blurred vision

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11
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases in intestines

A

ischemic colitis

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12
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Arterial Insufficiency include

A

Diminished distal pulses

Pain, numbness, cold, tingling or changes in sensation

Skin color changes and hair loss
Pallor, especially when elevated

Venous filling delayed following foot elevation
> 30 seconds

Weakness and muscle spasm in the extremity distal to block

Intermittent claudication

Death of tissue due to gangrene

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13
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases > 30 sec indicates

A

arterial disease
Normal is 15-20 sec

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14
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases can also result in

A

ulcers (foot/lateral malleolus)

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15
Q

Arterial Occlusive Diseases Treatment

A

walking to point of a little pain then rest
Anticoagulation therapy
Protection of the limb
Embolectomy

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16
Q

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
Proliferation of the intima causes

A

obliteration ofthe lumen of the artery

17
Q

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Risk Factors

A

Same as for coronary atherosclerosis

Common in elderly

Develops in DM and smoker

18
Q

In Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) there is bilateral, progressive, intermittent claudication present in _______
Exacerbated by ______ and relieved by _______

A

calf muscles

Walking, rest

19
Q

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Clinical Manifestations

A

Diameter of vessels narrows by 50%

Large and medium sized arteries with some branches

Symptoms occur distal to narrowing

Acute ischemia (pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, and pulselessness)

20
Q

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
_________ on elevation

21
Q

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
_________ when sitting for long period of time

22
Q

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Treatment

A

Smoking cessation

dietary mangement

Daily walking to improve collateralization and function (graded walking, treadmill)

Prevent skin breakdown and injury

Medications, e.g., antiplatelet drugs, statins, antihypertensive

Surgical interventions, e.g., angioplasties

23
Q

A life-threatening condition if a thrombus breaks off from the vessel wall and is carried to the

A

heart, brain, lungs as an embolism

24
Q

Occlusive disease of LE Arteries
Distal Aortal and Iliac

A

Bilateral, progressive, intermittent claudication

It can affect calf, gluteal, quadriceps presenting as thigh and buttock pain

25
Occlusive disease of LE Arteries Femoral and Popliteal
Intermittent claudication of calf or foot Pallor, coolness, dependent rubor, pulselessness, gangrene
26
Tibial and Common Peroneal
Arterial ulcers Claudication Pain at rest Skin is shiny and fissures and cracks are common